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...Escalation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 2 Hezbollah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3 The War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 4 By the Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 5 Civilian Damage in Lebanon . . . . . . .75 6 T...

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... Airpower in the 2006 Israel-Hezbollah War William m. arkin ... ... Arkin, William M. Divining victory : airpower in the 2006 Israel-Hezbollah war / William M. Arkin. p. cm. Includes bibli... ... This is the key to the discussion of every question. —Hezbollah secretary-general Hassan Nasrallah As-Safir,... ...o by peaceful means? It doesn’t work like that. —Hezbollah deputy secretary-general Naim Qassem Al-Manar ... ... 9/11/07 2:08:56 PM Hezbollah is trying to say it won but in fact, according to the fa... .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 Hezbollah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 ... ...s in Lebanon (map) . . . . . . 17 2.1 Hezbollah leadership and command in Haret Hreik, Beirut ... ... Haret Hreik, Beirut (map) . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2.2 Hezbollah surface-to-surface rockets . . . . . . 32 ... ...-to-surface rockets . . . . . . 32 3.1 Hezbollah rocket fire (graph) . . . . . . . . . . 46 ...

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...stan . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 Rahul Roy-Chaudhury 16 Deterring Nonstate Actors . . . . . . . . . . 269 John Stone 17 Deterrence and the Israel-Hezbollah War—Summer 2006 . . . . . . . . . . .279 Shai Feldman 18 Post-Conference Briefing Note . . . . . . .291 Michael Clarke John Gearson John A. Shaud 19 Deterrence in the Twenty-first Century . .297 An...

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.... . . . 269 John Stone 17 Deterrence and the Israel-Hezbollah War—Summer 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... Tea, Coffee Speaker 3:State versus Nonstate ActorsCase Study 3:Israel-Hezbollah War, 2006 Workshop 3:State versus Nonstate Actors Cocktails ... ... 277 Chapter 17 Deterrence and the Israel-Hezbollah War Summer 2006 Shai Feldman... ...modated politically. Thus, 279DETERRENCE AND THE ISRAEL-HEZBOLLAH WAREgypt signed a peace treaty with Israel over 30 years ago—a... ...ld “get 280 DETERRENCE AND THE ISRAEL-HEZBOLLAH WARused” to Israeli occupation of the Sinai. Dayan’s miscalcul... ...While deterrence comprises 281DETERRENCE AND THE ISRAEL-HEZBOLLAH WARdissuading an adversary from attacking, compellence is an e... ... becom- 282 DETERRENCE AND THE ISRAEL-HEZBOLLAH WARing a “failed state,” it can be persuaded to use its power ... ...cal structure of a conven- 283DETERRENCE AND THE ISRAEL-HEZBOLLAH WARtional force that normally includes armored, mechanized, ai... ...ving distinct respon-sibility for a defined area. Indeed, the military arm of Hezbollahfought the IDF in such formation. Similarly, the same arm ofHam...

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...lowing Wikipedia link on 12.7.2006,one day before the Ceyhan inauguration, Hezbollah terroristsattacked the Israelis starting the 2006 Israel-Lebanon ... ...ed by the Zar'it-Shtula incident. On12 July 2006, militants from the group Hezbollahfired rockets at Israeli border towns as a diversion for an anti-t... ...h to Lebanon. Five more were killed in Lebanon, in afailed rescue attempt. Hezbollah demanded the release ofLebanese prisoners held by Israel in excha... ...h airstrikes and artillery fire on targets in Lebanon. Israelattacked both Hezbollah military targets and Lebanese civilianinfrastructure, including B... ...nvasion of southern Lebanon. Israel also imposed an air andnaval blockade. Hezbollah then launched more rockets intonorthern Israel and engaged the ID... ...u can read the following:‘Due to unprecedented Iranian military support to Hezbollahbefore and during the war, some consider it the first round ofthe ... ...than a continuation ofthe Arab-Israeli conflict.’In section ‘Contacts with Hezbollah’ of the followingWikipedia link, you can read the following:‘Russ... ...acts withLebanese Shia organizations, such as AmalMovement and Hezbollah Russian-made anti-tank weaponsplayed significant role in Hezbolla... ...siles and Kornet antitank rockets"havebeen supplied to Hezbollahthrough Syria and Iran Muslim GRUdetachmentsfrom Chechnya were tra...

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...rab money, it is staffed with Arabfighters, but it was trained by Iran and Hezbollah, in order for the Iraniansand certain Arab circles to jointly fig... ...d they are buying their weapons from the United States.That’s why Iran and Hezbollah had to train Al-Qaeda, in order to jointlyfight the Americans and... ...ugh they are fighting eachother too. And that’s why the Americans call the Hezbollah fighters class Aterrorists, while they call Al-Qaeda Class B terr... ...nted a strong anti-Western Sunni terroristorganization, a Sunni version of Hezbollah, because Sunnis constitute 80-85% of the Muslim World. And since ... ... moving away from the Western World.Obviously Al-Qaeda was paying Iran and Hezbollah for the training, thelogistics and the arms it was receiving, bec...

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... After all there is a war inside the Royalfamily of Saudi Arabia. See “The Hezbollah-Al Qaeda Axis”.https://iakal.wordpress.com/2016/05/22/the-hezboll... ...ainst the Saudi King and the Americans, Iran and its close alliesSudan and Hezbollah were the ideal partners for Al-Qaeda, even though inAfghanistan A... ...key and Qatarcontrol Hamas (Muslim Brotherhood) in Gaza, and Iran controls Hezbollahat the borders of Israel and Lebanon. Al-Qaeda receives a lot of S... ...i Arabia natural gas is not important.The presence of Hamas in Gaza and of Hezbollah in Lebanon make thingseven worse for Al-Qaeda, because neither Tu... ...or Turkey, Qatar and Iran Israel is very important, and therefore Hamasand Hezbollah spend a significant part of their day thinking about Israel, andI... ...ael, andIsrael in turn spends a significant part of its day thinking about Hezbollahand Hamas. Articles“The Afghan Oil Pipeline an...

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...istory of Islamic support activities, espe-cially by Shiite groups such as Hezbollah, but not by radicals likeal-Qaeda. However, in certain areas wit... ...nd the Caribbean is significant. Is itthe Iranian/Syrian/Lebanese-inspired Hezbollah Shiites, theSunni/Wahabbi-motivated al-Qaeda, or somebody else? F... ...f the evidence points to the Iranian-backed Lebaneseterrorist organization Hezbollah. A car, driven by a suicidebomber and loaded with explosives, sma... ...motorcade in southern Lebanon, killingSheik Abbas al-Musawi, leader of the Hezbollah terroristgroup.14 While investigation of the embassy bombing dra... ..., the large Jewish population inBuenos Aires, and the quick retribution of Hezbollah indicate anenvironment ripe for Islamic terrorism and/or support.... ...t in the Region The two bombings in Buenos Aires, most likely committedby Hezbollah, and the attempted coup in Trinidad by Jamaatal Muslimeen —all oc... ...grants is involved in busi-ness enterprises there, both legal and illegal. Hezbollah andHamas have a history stretching back a couple of decades ofusi... ...r or-ganizations. From 1999 to 2001, Islamic extremist groups,specifically Hezbollah and Hamas, received up to $500 millionfrom Arab residents on the ... ...l-Qaeda, and al-Muqawamah, which is a pro-Iranian wing ofthe Lebanon-based Hezbollah. The large Arab community in theTBA also makes it highly conduciv...

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...wing day, federal law-enforcement officials in-formed us they had infiltrated a local cell of Hezbollah sympa-thizers who were smuggling cigarettes an... ...o have possibly alreadyused them to funnel money to Middle Eastern terrorist groups,including Hezbollah. Four Detroit men with ties to Jordan,Yemen, L... ... HESTERMANgan between 1997 and 1999. The leader stated some of the pro-ceeds were to Hezbollah for the “orphans of martyrs” program tobenefit... ... There is also widespread, yet unsubstantiated, reportingin the press of a connection between Hezbollah in Lebanonand diamond smugglers in Africa. Di... ...r investigation showed thatal-Qaeda sought to profit from the sale of these counterfeititems. Hezbollah funding comes from as far away as SouthAmerica... ...-border region of South America selling pirated music andgame CDs and using profits to fund a Hezbollah-related orga-nization in Lebanon. In a true ex... ...al market, the goods were produced in Europe and sent toa free-trade zone in South America by Hezbollah sympathiz-ers, further identified as Lebanese ... ...y LandFoundation, the largest Muslim charity in the United States,for allegedly funding HAMAS.Hezbollah: Hezbollah is a Lebanese group of Shiite milit... ...st state modeled on Iran, and is a bitter foe of Israel.The group’s name means “party of God.”Hezbollah and its affiliates have planned or been linked...

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... he was afraid of the Israeliretaliations. However Assad allowed Iran to arm Hezbollah in SouthernLebanon through Syria.Map 1The Israelis were divided... ...d thereforethe Israelis started supporting some Sunni gangs against Iran and Hezbollah,in order to help them keep their positions at the Golan Heights... ...t only on the Sunni gangs at the other side of Golanto keep the Iranians and Hezbollah away, but they themselves targeted themon several occasions. Th... ... event of January 2015, whenthe Israelis killed several officers of Iran and Hezbollah who wereexamining the other side of the Golan Heights.The artic... ...al occasions the Israelis attacked inSyria Iranian shipments heading towards Hezbollah in South Lebanon.These operations became more complicated when ... ...an agreement, according to which theIranians would not be allowed to provide Hezbollah with high-tech weapons,and if they did so, the Israelis would b... ...And Noble would be happy to have Gazprom inorder to protect the project from Hezbollah and Turkey.But now Egypt has discovered the Zohr field (August ... ...aelis from attacking the Iraniansin Syria, when the Iranians send weapons to Hezbollah in South Lebanon.How much would the Israelis earn by selling 10... ...elling 10 billion cubic meters of gasto Turkey? Would it worth the risk with Hezbollah, at a time the UnitedStates are improving their relations with ...

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...But a strong cooperation between Iran and ISIS, like the one betweenIran and Hezbollah is difficult, at least for now. Unless Saddam‟s peoplestop atta... ... there was a problem. The problem was thatIsrael would then go to a war with Hezbollah in Southern Lebanon, andHezbollah would not only be supported b... ...testone Institute, aboutthe presence of the Shiite terrorist organization of Hezbollah in Venezuela,in order to do business with the drug cartels of M... ... Mexico. The article waswritten by Clare Lopez, an ex-CIA employee. See “The Hezbollah-Al QaedaAxis”.https://iakal.wordpress.com/2016/05/22/the-hezbol... ...se training camps are run by Iranian Revolutionary Guards incooperation with Hezbollah and Hamas.The newspaper reports that the Shiite trainees fly to... ...g itsties and its influence in the US's backyard, and helping groups such as Hezbollah andHamas finding new safe havens for their terrorist activities... ...gime tacitly admitted that theyhad been facilitating financing of terrorism.―Hezbollah in Cuba,‖ the Hamas-funded Turkish ―charity‖ known as IHH conti... ...icy.org/2014/05/02/cubas-support-for-terrorism-and-the-venezuela-iran-nexus/“Hezbollah „Moving Freely‟ in U.S. with Cuban-Made VenezuelanPassports”, F... ...nezuelanPassports”, February 20161st ParagraphMembers of Iran‘s terror proxy Hezbollah ―are moving freely‖ within the United Statesand Latin America, ...

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...ia does not intervene when Israel attacks Iranian armcargoes to South Lebanon (Hezbollah) and the Golan Heights at the Syrian-Israeli borders. Remembe... ...ollah) and the Golan Heights at the Syrian-Israeli borders. Remember that both Hezbollah and Iran have as an officialpolicy the annihilation of Israel... ...roblems associated with Israel’ssecurity. At Southern Lebanon Israel is facing Hezbollah, which is supportedby Iran and Russia, at the South Israel is... ...ich arefighting each other about who is going to better position itself. Hamas,Hezbollah, ISIS and Iran, all are openly asking for the annihilation of...

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...ow Turkey and Iran toadequately arm Hamas.At the north there is the Lebanese Hezbollah, the Shiite organizationsupported by Iran and Russia. Russia an... ...rganizationsupported by Iran and Russia. Russia and Iran can very easily arm Hezbollahthrough Syria.At the north-east (Golan Heights), there is Iran. ... ...eights), there is Iran. But at the Golan HeightsIran is not as well armed as Hezbollah, because the Israelis, with Russia’stolerance, target in Syria ... ... is that at the Golan Heights there is not a fire power similar to theone of Hezbollah at Southern Lebanon. Over the years the Iranians have sentthous... ...er the years the Iranians have sentthousands of rockets to South Lebanon and Hezbollah. A war between Israeland Hezbollah would make the wars between ... ...an and the Golan Heightsremain to be seen, but what is clear for now is that Hezbollah, at SouthernLebanon, is presently the deadliest danger for Isra... ...ndirectly Russia is for Russia the deadliest threat.Because the problem with Hezbollah becomes much more important forIsrael in case the Russians deci... ... much more important forIsrael in case the Russians decide to cooperate with Hezbollah and Iranagainst Israel. The Russians have brought to Syria thei... ...without Russianinvolvement, there would be a bloodshed during an Israel-Hezbollah war.But if the Russians actively support Hezbollah during an Is...

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... IntroductionThe enemies of France, for example Iran, Turkey, Sudan, the Hezbollah ofLebanon, can support terrorist attacks against France. In... ...r program and before therepositioning of Sudan‟s foreign policy, Iran, Sudan and Hezbollah were themost powerful supporters of Jihadist groups who wer... ...hem. Saudi Arabia buys her weapons from the United States and France,while Iran, Hezbollah and Sudan are buying their weapons from Russia andChina. Th... ...zbollah and Sudan are buying their weapons from Russia andChina. Therefore Iran, Hezbollah and Sudan had a lot more freedom tosupport Al-Qaeda against... ...nd_Sahara_map-en.svg.pngTherefore, when I say that it was mainly Iran, Sudan and Hezbollah whowere supporting Al-Qaeda against France in Africa, I am ... ...ou can see how important Sudan was for Iran duringthe previous decades. Iran and Hezbollah used Sudan as an entrance forWest Africa in order to attack... ...s Triangle?”.It is no coincidence that it was in 2011 that the special forces of Hezbollahand Sudan, with the blessings of Iran, and the special force... ...nes of the Red SeaFrom the following map you can see that Sudan was for Iran and Hezbollahan entrance to West Africa, which allowed them to bypass Sou... ...hristian and 15% Muslim, and that is anadvantage for France. But Sudan, Iran and Hezbollah had a greatgeographical advantage due to Sudan‟s proximity ...

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... Russian military presence inSyria, and with Russia‟s enhanced alliance with Hezbollah in Lebanon,Russia sealed Syria and Lebanon. Moreover, with her ... ... without Russia‟s approval.But that‟s a very big problem for Israel, because Hezbollah will be armedand supported by both Russia and Iran. Russia and ... ...and Iran might antagonizeabout who is going to help more Bashar al Assad and Hezbollah. A verygood article about the problems posed to Israel by the e... ...te, in the past the Israelis have targeted in Syria Iranianarms shipments to Hezbollah.Map 4 Iranian Arms to HezbollahAccording to the Washington Inst... ...4 Iranian Arms to HezbollahAccording to the Washington Institute the Russian-Hezbollah alliance willsignificantly reduce Israel‟s ability to target ar... ...lliance willsignificantly reduce Israel‟s ability to target arms supplies to Hezbollah. TheRussians will claim that the arms were not intended to be u... ... huge Russian military presence in Syria complicates things forthe Israelis. Hezbollah in Southern Lebanon is much stronger than Hamas inGaza, because... ...the flow of arms is under control when compared with whathappens in Lebanon. Hezbollah can receive supplies from everywhere.However now Netanyahu agre... ...ni-a-new-war-in-east-mediterranean-sea/On the other hand Russia really needs Hezbollah and Assad in Syria to sealthe exit to the Mediterranean Sea. Th...

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...in of the 7th Century Pan-Arabism VS Pan-Islamism The Hezbollah – Al Qaeda Axis The Pakistan Osama bin Laden Connection ... ...ss.com/2016/04/26/the-islamic-iron-curtain-of-the-7th-century/ The Hezbollah – Al Qaeda AxisA great article by the Gatestone Institute, abou... ...t the alliance that was forgedbetween Iran, Sudan, Al Qaeda and the Lebanese Hezbollah in the early 90sin Sudan. See “The New, Improved Axis of Jihad”... .... Moreover, the war in Syria strained thealliance between Al Qaeda, Iran and Hezbollah, because Al Qaeda is a Sunniterrorist group and it is fighting ... ... the alliance that was forged in Sudan in the early90s, between Sudan, Iran, Hezbollah and Al Qaeda. Osama bin Laden, oneof Al Qaeda’s founders, was a... ...he point of the alliance that wasforged in Sudan in the early 90s. Al Qaeda, Hezbollah and Iran could unitetheir forces to fight the Saudi King and th... ...mes of the officers who forged the alliancebetween Iran, Sudan, Al Qaeda and Hezbollah in the early 90s, and it alsosays that training camps were open... ... to Qatar.The article mentions many attacks carried out by the Iran-Al Qaeda-Hezbollah axis, with the 9/11 attack being the greatest achievement of th... ...e base for the Iranianoperations in the American continent, and the Lebanese Hezbollah was usingthe Margarita Island of Venezuela for its drugs trade ...

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...nd theIslamists.When Sarkozy saw the men from the special forces of Sudan, Hezbollah andQatar entering Libya, with Iran’s blessings, and probably with...

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... reason is that Iran, Syria’s main ally, is financingHezbollah in Lebanon. Hezbollah is playing an increasingly importantrole in Lebanon. Moreover, Ir...

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... already in Sudan, where he will stay for the period 1992-1996, inorder for Hezbollah and Iran to train Al-Qaeda. See ―The Hezbollah – Al-Qaeda Axis‖.... ... ―The Hezbollah – Al-Qaeda Axis‖.https://iakal.wordpress.com/2016/05/22/the-hezbollah-al-qaeda-axis/I do not think that Osama bin Laden was randomly c... ...nni Arabs from Saudi Arabia,Egypt, Libya, Sudan, with the Shias of Iran and Hezbollah, in order to fightthe Saudi King and the Americans.Al-Qaeda was ... ... to fightthe Saudi King and the Americans.Al-Qaeda was the Sunni version of Hezbollah, and the Arabs were puttingthe money and Hezbollah was putting t... ...uy when compared to Osama binLaen. Osama bin Laden cooperated with Iran and Hezbollah but he was notan Iranian guy. Zarqawi never accepted to fight th... ...that Iran does not give a damn about the Shiitesof the Arab world. Iran and Hezbollah want to use them against theirenemies.Map Sunnis (light green) a... ...emember that al-Qaeda is an Arab terror group,even though it was trained by Hezbollah and Iran. Al-Qaeda and Irancooperated but they also fought each ... ...erusalem) Force of the Islamic RevolutionaryGuards Corps (IRGC) and Kata'ib Hezbollah among others provided considerable helpto ISIS in recruiting dis... ...torture, Assad has cemented his alliance with Baghdad, aswell as with Iran, Hezbollah, and Russia.Even Assad‘s enemies are rethinking their strategy. ...

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...cathat has increased connections with international terror-ist organizations, such as Hezbollah, and more formal re-lations with countries that are ad... ...ormal re-lations with countries that are adversarial to the UnitedStates, like Iran. Hezbollah, the self-proclaimed “Party of God,” is an or-ganizati... ... world for itsterrorist intent towards the state of Israel and its Westernallies, but Hezbollah’s global connections, specifically thosein the LAC reg... ...ng.Syria . . . also lends substantial support.”50 Venezuela canbe added to that list. Hezbollah has “been using Venezu-ela—mostly Margarita Island and... ...financial dealings and counterfeiting.”5 “After Chavezvisited Lebanon last summer, a Hezbollah official told an 2Indian newspap... ... 2Indian newspaper, ‘Mr. Chavez is closer to us than anyother Arab leader’ ”—but Hezbollah is not the only terrorgroup Venezuela is engaged with ... ... comes to harboring members of interna-tional terror organizations in Latin America. “Hezbollah haslong used parts of South America as a training grou... ...ng with History? Washing- ton, DC: World Bank, 2004.Emerson, Steven. “Blood Money: Hezbollah’s Revenue Stream Flows through the Americas.” Ameri...

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...stead of anti-American, and it is mainly supported byIran, Sudan, Turkey and Hezbollah, which are four enemies of France. Al-Qaeda in Africa is perfor... ... goes with NATO, Hamas will attack Israel from Gaza withTurkish support, and Hezbollah will attack Israel from Lebanon withRussian support. The same i... ... Turkey, and with the help ofTurkey, Iran, Qatar, and obviously the Lebanese Hezbollah, the EgyptianMuslim Brotherhood rose to power too in 2012 by pr... ... andanti-corruption policies.I do not know if Amal Alamoudin is connected to Hezbollah or Qatar.Actually Qatar is the one with the deep pockets. Hezbo...

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...fi and Iran was that Qaddafi was in verybad terms with the Lebanese Shiite Hezbollah, which is mainly funded byIran. Hezbollah had a strong presence i... ...ddafi was supporting leftist terrorists inLebanon against the Islamists of Hezbollah. For the role of Hezbollah in theLibyan Arab Spring see “Hizbulla... ...ah‟s part in Gaddafi‟s downfall”, October2011.The special forces of Sudan, Hezbollah and Qatar were among the first oneswho set foot in Libya to suppo... ...in Qaddafi‟s overthrow, even if itdid so through its allies i.e. Sudan and Hezbollah. The only concern Iran hadabout the overturn of Qaddafi was to pr... ... their lives from the Islamists supported byTurkey, Iran, Sudan, Qatar and Hezbollah.The Islamists and the Communists had launched a propaganda war ag... ...ew they could not compete on theground with Iran, Turkey, Qatar, Sudan and Hezbollah.As you can read at the following International Business Times, wr... ....co.uk/blog/2011/10/24/charles-glass/hizbullahs-part-in-gaddafis-downfall/“Hezbollah slams crimes committed by Gaddafi regime”, February 2011http://ww... ...mitted by Gaddafi regime”, February 2011http://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Hezbollah-slams-crimes-committed-by-Gaddafi-regime“Sarkozy Meets Gadhafi: F... ...itary officials have gone on record before Congress with suchsuspicions of Hezbollah and al Qaeda links, seems politically unpalatable to say theleast...