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Coenzyme M

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Title: Coenzyme M  
Author: World Heritage Encyclopedia
Language: English
Subject: Tetrahydromethanopterin, Methanogenesis, Coenzyme F420, Cofactor F430, Cofactor (biochemistry)
Collection: Coenzymes, Sulfonates, Thiols
Publisher: World Heritage Encyclopedia
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Coenzyme M

Coenzyme M
Names
IUPAC name
2-Sulfanylethanesulfonate
Systematic IUPAC name
2-Sulfanylethanesulfonate
Other names
2-mercaptoethylsulfonate; 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate; coenzyme M anion; H-S-CoM; AC1L1HCY; 2-sulfanylethane-1-sulfonate; CTK8A8912
Identifiers
ChEBI  Y
ChemSpider  Y
Jmol-3D images Image
PubChem
Properties
C2H5O3S2
Molar mass 141.18 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Coenzyme M is a coenzyme required for methyl-transfer reactions in the metabolism of methanogens.[1][2] The coenzyme is an anion with the formula HSCH
2CH
2SO−
3. It is named 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate and abbreviated HS–CoM. The cation is unimportant, but the sodium salt is most available. Mercaptoethanesulfonate contains both a thiol, which is the main site of reactivity, and a sulfonate group, which confers solubility in aqueous media.

Biochemical role

The coenzyme is the C1 donor in methanogenesis. It is converted to propyl coenzyme M-thioester, the thioether CH
3SCH
2CH
2SO−
3, in the penultimate step to methane formation.[3] Coenzyme M reacts with coenzyme B, 7-thioheptanoylthreoninephosphate, to give a homodisulfide, releasing methane:

CH
3–S–CoM + HS–CoB → CH
4 + CoB–S–S–CoM

This induction is catalyzed by the enzyme methyl-coenzyme M reductase, which restricts cofactor F430 as the prosthetic group.

See also

  • Mesna – a cancer chemotherapy adjuvant with the same parent structure

References

  1. ^ Balch WE, Wolfe RS (1979). "Specificity and biological distribution of coenzyme M (2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid)". J. Bacteriol. 137 (1): 256–63.  
  2. ^ Taylor CD, Wolfe RS (10 August 1974). )"HSCH
    2    CH
    2    SO
    3    "Structure and methylation of coenzyme M(. J. Biol. Chem. 249 (15): 4879–85.  
  3. ^ Thauer RK (1998). "Biochemistry of Methanogenesis: a Tribute to Marjory Stephenson". Microbiology 144 (9): 2377–2406.  
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