The Singapore Army (Chinese: 新加坡陆军部队, Malay: Tentera Singapura; Tamil: சிங்கப்பூர் தரைப்படை) is the Service of the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) tasked with land operations. It is the largest of the three Services. The Army is primarily a conscript army that, in the event of war, mobilizes most of its combat power by calling up military reservists.
Contents
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Strategic Doctrine 1
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Organisation 2
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Chief of Army (COA) 2.1
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Combat Arms 2.2
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Divisional and Non-Divisional assets 2.3
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Combined-Arms Divisions 2.3.1
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MINDEF Reserve (MR) NS Divisions 2.3.2
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2 People's Defence Force 2.3.2.1
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21st Division 2.3.2.2
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25th Division 2.3.2.3
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32nd Division 2.3.2.4
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Non-Divisional Units, some appended to the General Staff 2.3.3
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Equipment 3
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Photo gallery 4
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See also 5
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References 6
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External links 7
Strategic Doctrine
The mission of the Singapore Armed Forces is to deter armed aggression, and to secure a swift and decisive victory in case such deterrence would fail. Additionally, the Army is tasked with conducting peace-time operations in furtherance of Singapore's national interests and foreign policy. These range from disaster relief to peacekeeping, hostage-rescue and other contingencies.[4]
The Army views technology as a force-multiplier and a means to sustain combat power given Singapore's population constraints. Jointness across three branches of the SAF is integral to the Army's warfighting doctrine. Joint operations that the Army has undertaken with the Navy and Air Force include amphibious landings and critical disaster relief in the aftermath of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake.
The Army has a technically proficient, relatively well-educated draftee pool and officer corps (non-commissioned and commissioned) reflective of the population at large, and has sought to leverage this to ease its transition into a more sophisticated, networked fighting force.[5]
Combat readiness is a linchpin of Army policy, and military exercises up to divisional level are conducted many times yearly, simulating full-spectrum operations, up to and including full-scale war. Divisional war games are a combined arms, tri-service affair involving the Republic of Singapore Navy and Air Force. Because training space is limited in Singapore—artillery fire would quickly traverse the island—some military exercises are conducted overseas. Reservists periodically [6] train abroad, their units regularly evaluated for combat readiness.[5] The Army also trains bilaterally with some host nations, and military exchanges are frequent. Training is billed as "tough, realistic and safe," with a premium on safety, given the sensitivity of military deaths in a largely conscript army.[4]
Following the
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Other Singapore Armed Forces Units and Affiliated Organisations
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Official website
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Singapore Army Official Ranks Website
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Ranks and Paramilitary Ranks of Singapore, accessed 23 October 2006.
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Singapore Infantry Regiment pictures and info
External links
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Further reading
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Tim, Huxley. Defending the Lion City: the Armed Forces of Singapore. Publisher: Allen & Unwin Pty LTD, 2000. ISBN 1-86508-118-3.
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Bibliography
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^ a b
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^ a b Tim Huxley, Defending the Lion City, Allen & Unwin, 2000, p.65.
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^ a b
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^ http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/publications/cyberpioneer/news/2011/mar/28mar11_news.html
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^ See also http://web.archive.org/web/20091027094953/http://geocities.com/mindef123/Army.html and Huxley, Defending the Lion City, 2000, p.123-6
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^
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^ Tim Huxley, Defending the Lion City, Allen & Unwin, 2000, p.124.
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^ Tim Huxley, Defending the Lion City, Allen & Unwin, 2000, p.127. Huxley's source note on 32nd Division appears to refer to an article by defence journalist Prasun Sengupta (1992, p.76), but Huxley's bibliography is incomplete.
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^
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^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w
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^ http://www.janes.com/article/52871/singapore-commissions-peacekeeper-protected-response-vehicle
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^
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^ Jones, Richard D. Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010. Jane's Information Group; 35 edition (27 January 2009). ISBN 978-0-7106-2869-5.
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^ a b
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Notes
References
See also
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Another photo of Singapore Army's Leopard 2A4 at the Singapore Airshow 2008.
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AMX-10PAC 90 with the 90mm main gun
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SM-1 Launched Bridge (SLB)
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M728 Combat Engineer Vehicle (CEV)
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FV180 Combat Engineer Tractor (CET)
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The Vehicle Launched Bridge
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The Bionix Armoured Recovery Vehicle (ARV)
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The Bionix Launched Bridge (BLB)
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The 105mm Giat LG-1 howitzer at the SAF Open House
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FH-2000 in towing configuration
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Open breech of FH-2000 as seen from loader position
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The SLWH Pegasus at the Singapore Airshow 2008
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The 155mm/39calibre Singapore Self-Propelled Howitzer 1 (SSPH 1)
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SPIKE ATGM complete with mock-up missile
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The MATADOR (Man-portable Anti-Tank, Anti-DOoR)
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The new CIS-50 12.7mm Heavy Machine Gun
Photo gallery
Type
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Origin
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Quantity
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Main battle tanks
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~196
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Leopard 2SG (120mm Rheinmetall L44 main gun)
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Germany
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>196[19] (includes 30 spare tanks, excludes 10 Bergepanzer-3 Büffel ARVs[20])
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Mechanized infantry Combat Vehicles / IFVs
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857
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Bionix II (30mm Bushmaster II chain gun/New armour)
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Singapore
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200[20]
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Bionix 25 (25mm M242 Bushmaster chain gun)
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Singapore
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200[20]
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Bionix 40/50 (CIS 40mm AGL + CIS 50MG)
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Singapore
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300[20]
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Terrex AV-81
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Singapore
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135[20]
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Armoured Personnel Carriers/Reconnaissance Vehicles
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1,335
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M113A2 ULTRA 40/50 (CIS 40mm AGL + CIS 50MG)
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United States / Singapore
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950[20]
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M113A2 ULTRA OWS (25mm M242 Bushmaster chain gun)
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United States / Singapore
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50[20]
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Cadillac Gage V-100/150/200
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United States
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30/40/200 (total 270 in reserves), 50 V-200s in use by the RSAF[20]
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Peacekeeper PRV
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Singapore
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40[21]
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MaxxPro Dash MRAP
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United States / Israel
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15 in Afghanistan as part of International Security Assistance Force[20]
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Multiple Rocket Launchers
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18
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High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS)
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United States
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18 launchers with 41 GMLRS Pod (246 rockets)[20]
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Mortars
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~62
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81 mm
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~?
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Soltam M-65 120 mm towed mortar
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Israel
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50 (in reserves)[20]
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Soltam M-66 160 mm towed mortar
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Israel
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12 (in storage)[20]
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Howitzers
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~400
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25 pounder Mk II
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United Kingdom
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12 (as ceremonial/salute gun)
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Soltam M-68 155mm/L33 Towed Howitzer
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Israel
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45 (in storage)[20]
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Soltam M-71S 155mm/L39 Towed Howitzer
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Israel
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38 (in storage)[20]
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M-114A1 155mm Towed Howitzer
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United States
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16 (in storage)[20]
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FH-2000 155mm/L52 Towed Howitzer
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Singapore
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72
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GIAT LG1 105mm/L30 Towed Howitzer
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France
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37 (in storage)[22]
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SSPH Primus 155mm/L39 Self-Propelled Howitzer (SSPH-1)
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Singapore
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48 (not including 2× command post & 4× recovery vehicle)[20]
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SLWH Pegasus 155mm/L39 Heli-portable Lightweight Howitzer
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Singapore
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54
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Artillery-locating radar
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10
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AN/TPQ-36 Firefinder radar
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United States
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4[20]
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AN/TPQ-37 Firefinder radar
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United States
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3[20]
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ARTHUR
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Sweden / Norway
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3[20]
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Armoured Engineers
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~56
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FV180 Combat Engineer Tractor
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United Kingdom
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36[20]
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M60 Armoured Vehicle Launched Bridge (AVLB)
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United States
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12[20]
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M728 Combat Engineer Vehicle (CEV) -165mm Demolition Gun
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United States
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8[20]
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Bionix Counter-Mine Vehicle (Trailblazer)
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Singapore
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~?
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Aardvark JSFU (Joint Service Flail Unit)
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United Kingdom
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~?
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Field Engineers
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~?
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Panzerschnellbrücke 2 Leguan (Vehicle Launched Bridge)
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Germany
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10[20]
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MAN 8x8 with Leguan Bridge Laying System
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Germany
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~?[23]
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Foldable Longspan Bridge (FLB)
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~?[24]
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Projected Line Charge (PLC)
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~?
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Bionix AVLB
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Singapore
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~?
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Bridging Engineers
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~?
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M3G Float Bridge
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United States
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~?
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All-Terrain Tracked Vehicles
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~700
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Bronco ATTC (GPMG armed/120mm Super-Rapid Mortar)
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Singapore
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~400
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Bandvagn 206 (GPMG armed)
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Sweden
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~300
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Unmanned Vehicles
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~?
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Skyblade Mini-UAVs
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Singapore
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~?
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Anti-Tank Rockets/Missiles
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~4,000
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Carl Gustav recoilless rifle
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Sweden
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~?[25]
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SPIKE-LR
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Israel
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1,000[26]
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Matador
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Singapore / Israel / Germany
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~3,000
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Guards Vehicles
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~400
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Spider LSV with twin SPIKE ATGM
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Singapore
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~200
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Spider LSV
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Singapore
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~200
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Direct Fire Weapons
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~500,000
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SAR 21
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Singapore
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~150,000
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SAR-21 Grenade Launcher
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Singapore
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~?
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M16S1 local variant of M16A1 produced under license
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United States
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~200,000[27]
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CAR-15 Carbine version of the M-16
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United States
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~5,000[27]
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M203 grenade launcher
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United States
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~20,000
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Ultimax 100
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Singapore
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~20,000
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FN MAG 7.62 mm General Purpose Machine Gun
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Belgium
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~10,000
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CIS 12.7 mm HMG
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Singapore
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~3,000
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SIG Sauer P226 9 mm Pistol
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Germany / Switzerland
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~?
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H&K MP-5N 9 mm SMG
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Germany
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~2,000
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FN P90 5.7 mm SMG
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Belgium
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~500
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PP-2000 9 mm SMG
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~?
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FN Five-seven 5.7 mm Pistol
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Belgium
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~500
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PGM Mini-Hecate 8.6 mm Long-Range Sniper Rifle
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France
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~100
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H&K PSG-1 7.62 mm Semi-Automatic Sniper Rifle
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Germany
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~?
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Accuracy International L96A1 7.62 mm Sniper Rifle
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United Kingdom
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~?
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Accuracy International L115A1 8.6 mm Long-Range Sniper Rifle
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United Kingdom
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~?
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Steyr SSG 69 7.62 mm Sniper Rifle
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Austria
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~?
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Brügger & Thomet APR308 7.62 mm Sniper Rifle
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Switzerland
|
~?
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M110 Semi-Automatic Sniper System
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United States
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~?
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Accuracy International Arctic Warfare AX50 Sniper Rifle
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United Kingdom
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~?
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The SLWH Pegasus at the SAF Open House
The SSPH1 Primus at the SAF Open House
The Bionix AFV at Singapore Airshow 2008
Leopard 2SG of the Singapore Army upgraded with AMAP Composite Armour by IBD & ST Kinetics
Equipment
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Military Intelligence Battalion (1MIBN – 1st Military Intelligence Bn)
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Commandos Battalion (1CDO – 1st Commando Bn)
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Special Operations Task Force – joint task force consisting of the Naval Diving Unit, Commandos and the Special Operations Force
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Aggressor Company – subordinate to TRADOC/ATEC, this company-sized detachment organizes itself according to the hypothesized enemy's order of battle and acts as the OPFOR in training evaluations. They are the 'red' opposing force in ATEC evaluations.
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Armour Aggressor Company – Acts as the OPFOR against Armour formations.
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Medical Response Force (MRF) – Company-sized counter-chemical and -biological warfare unit, staffed by combat medics.
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Heavy Tank Battalion – 48 SAR
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Armoured Brigade – 4 SAB
Non-Divisional Units, some appended to the General Staff
Tim Huxley speculates in Defending the Lion City that "the reorganisation of 1991 and 1995 left one armoured brigade, 4 SAB, outside the divisional structure, prompting speculation that it has been earmarked to form the core of a conceptualised new mechanised division." Huxley asserts that it was "initially codenamed as 32nd Division at the planning stage."[18] Beyond speculation, there is no indication that the division was ever constituted.
32nd Division
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11th Singapore Infantry Brigade
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14th Singapore Infantry Brigade
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63rd Singapore Infantry Brigade
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65th Singapore Infantry Brigade
Organisation:
Also designated as Army Operational Reserve (AOR).
25th Division
Of the three infantry brigades, one is active and staffed mainly by career servicemen. Two are held in reserve, one tasked with heliborne operations, the other tasked with amphibious landings.[17]
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7th Singapore Infantry Brigade
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13th Singapore Infantry Brigade
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15th Singapore Infantry Brigade
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Divisional Artillery
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21st Signal Battalion
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21st Divisional Support Command
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18th Divisional Air Defense Artillery Battalion
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Divisional Combat Engineer Battalion
Organisation:
Designated as Army Operational Reserve (AOR), the 21st Division is a rapid deployment force of highly mobile infantry (Singapore Guards) specializing in amphibious, heliborne, and maneuver warfare. The armoured and artillery components of the division are lightweight, amphibious, and rapidly deployable.
21st Division
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HQ 2 PDF
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HQ 21 Singapore Infantry Brigade
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HQ 22 Singapore Infantry Brigade
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HQ 26 Singapore Infantry Brigade
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HQ 27 Singapore Infantry Brigade
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HQ 29 Singapore Infantry Brigade
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HQ 32 Singapore Infantry Brigade
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8th Battalion Singapore Infantry Regiment (8 SIR)
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9th Battalion Singapore Infantry Regiment (9 SIR)
Organisation:
2 People's Defence Force (PDF) is responsible for homeland security, including that of key civilian installations and infrastructure. 2 PDF is also responsible for the coordination and secondment of military resources to civilian agencies in the event of a civil emergency.[16]
2 People's Defence Force
MINDEF Reserve (MR) NS Divisions
Under the Division-NCC affiliation, NCC East District is affiliated to the 9th Division/Infantry.
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HQ 9th Singapore Division
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10th Singapore Infantry Brigade
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12th Singapore Infantry Brigade
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56th Singapore Armoured Brigade
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9th Division Artillery
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9th Divisional Support Command
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9th Signal Battalion
Organisation:
9th Division/Infantry (motto: "Forging Ahead) consists of the following subordinate units:
Under the Division-NCC affiliation, NCC Central District is affiliated to the 6th Division.
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HQ 6th Singapore Division
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2nd Singapore Infantry Brigade
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9th Singapore Infantry Brigade
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54th Singapore Armoured Brigade
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6th Division Artillery
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6th Division Support Command
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6th Division Engineers
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6th Divisional Air Defence Artillery Battalion
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6th Signal Battalion
6th Singapore Division (motto "Swift and Deadly") consists of the following subordinate units:
Under the Division-National Cadet Corps (NCC) affiliation scheme, NCC West District is affiliated to the 3rd Division.
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HQ 3rd Singapore Division
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3rd Singapore Infantry Brigade
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5th Singapore Infantry Brigade
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24th Singapore Infantry Brigade
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30th Singapore Infantry Brigade
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8th Singapore Armoured Brigade
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3rd Division Artillery
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3rd Division Support Command
3rd Singapore Division (motto: "Foremost and Utmost") consists of the following subordinate units:
The Army's main organizational components are its Combined-Arms Divisions, of which there are three:[14] the 3rd, 6th and 9th Divisions.[15] They include both active and reserve units that are operationally ready, all subject to mobilization orders in the event of war.[6]
Combined-Arms Divisions
Divisional and Non-Divisional assets
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Army Intelligence
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Army Medical Services
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Army Maintenance and Engineering Support
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Army Supply and Transport
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Singapore Armed Forces Ammunition Command
These are bolstered by Combat Service Support Units comprising the following:
The Army consists of seven Combat Arms, from which are derived Divisional and Non-divisional units:
Combat Arms
Chief of Army (COA)
The Army is headed by the Chief of Army (COA). Assisting him are the Chief of Staff, Army General Staff[8] and Commander, TRADOC (Army Training and Doctrine Command).[9] There are six branches of the General Staff (G1-G6), a National Service Affairs Department (NSAD) dealing with National Service issues, and an Inspectorate. The six branches handle manpower (G1), intelligence (G2), operations (G3), logistics (G4), planning (G5) and training (G6) respectively. Each department is headed by an Assistant Chief of the General Staff (ACGS). Also advising the Chief of Army are the Senior Specialist Staff Officers (SSSOs) of the various formations (Infantry, Guards, Armour, Commandos, Artillery, Engineers and Signals).[10][11]
Singapore Army – major combat units
Organisation
[7]
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