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The World Wide Web has become a major delivery platform for a variety of complex and sophisticated enterprise applications in several domains. In addition to their inherent multifaceted functionality, these Web applications exhibit complex behavior and place some unique demands on their usability, performance, security and ability to grow and evolve. However, a vast majority of these applications continue to be developed in an ad-hoc way, contributing to problems of usability, maintainability, quality and reliability.[1][2] While Web development can benefit from established practices from other related disciplines, it has certain distinguishing characteristics that demand special considerations. In recent years, there have been developments towards addressing these considerations.
As an emerging discipline, Web engineering actively promotes systematic, disciplined and quantifiable approaches towards successful development of high-quality, ubiquitously usable Web-based systems and applications.[3] In particular, Web engineering focuses on the methodologies, techniques and tools that are the foundation of Web application development and which support their design, development, evolution, and evaluation. Web application development has certain characteristics that make it different from traditional software, information system, or computer application development.
Web engineering is multidisciplinary and encompasses contributions from diverse areas: systems analysis and design, software engineering, hypermedia/hypertext engineering, requirements engineering, human-computer interaction, user interface, information engineering, information indexing and retrieval, testing, modelling and simulation, project management, and graphic design and presentation. Web engineering is neither a clone, nor a subset of software engineering, although both involve programming and software development. While Web Engineering uses software engineering principles, it encompasses new approaches, methodologies, tools, techniques, and guidelines to meet the unique requirements of Web-based applications.
Proponents of Web engineering supported the establishment of Web engineering as a discipline at an early stage of Web. First Workshop on Web Engineering was held in conjunction with World Wide Web Conference held in Brisbane, Australia, in 1998. San Murugesan, Yogesh Deshpande, Steve Hansen and Athula Ginige, from University of Western Sydney, Australia formally promoted Web engineering as a new discipline in the first ICSE workshop on Web Engineering in 1999.[3] Since then they published a series of papers in a number of journals, conferences and magazines to promote their view and got wide support. Major arguments for Web engineering as a new discipline are:
However, it has been controversial, especially for people in other traditional disciplines such as software engineering, to recognize Web engineering as a new field. The issue is how different and independent Web engineering is, compared with other disciplines.
Main topics of Web engineering include, but are not limited to, the following areas:
Web Ontology Language, World Wide Web, Metadata, Resource Description Framework, Ontology (information science)
JavaScript, Internet, Web browser, Cascading Style Sheets, Belgium
Software engineering, Computer science, Prolog, Agile software development, Ivar Jacobson
UML-based Web Engineering, Web engineering, Web application, Oohdm, Interaction Flow Modeling Language
Design, Aesthetics, JavaScript, Search engine optimization, Web development
Web application, WebML, Web engineering, Web modeling
United States, World Wide Web, Semantic Web, Internet, France
Computer science, Engineering, Software, Software testing, Systems engineering
Computer science, Biotechnology, Nanotechnology, Technology, Chemistry