World Library  
My Account |  Register |  Help  
  
Flag as Inappropriate
Email this Article

Sidrat al-Muntaha

Article Id: WHEBN0002324410
Reproduction Date:

Title: Sidrat al-Muntaha  
Author: World Heritage Encyclopedia
Language: English
Subject: Jannah, Heaven, Tree of life (biblical), Isra and Mi'raj, Lote tree
Collection: Arabic Words and Phrases, Bahá'Í Terminology, Islamic Eschatology, Islamic Terminology, Sacred Trees
Publisher: World Heritage Encyclopedia
Publication
Date:
 

Sidrat al-Muntaha

The 7th page of Bostan, containing a poetic adaption of the Isra and Mi'raj and the Lote tree by the Persian poet Saadi

Sidrat al-Muntahā (Arabic: سدرة المنتهى‎) is a Lote tree[1] that marks the end of the seventh heaven, the boundary where no creation can pass, according to Islamic beliefs. During the Isra and Mi'raj, Muhammad, being the only one allowed, travelled with the archangel Gabriel to the Sidrat al-Muntaha where it is said that Allah assigned the five daily prayers to all humans.[2] It is a member of the Botanical family Rhamnaceae.[3]

In the Quran

The lote tree is mentioned in the Qur'an chapter 53, An-Najm (The Star), verses 10-18:

10 So did Allah convey the inspiration to His Servant what He (meant) to convey.
11 The heart in no way falsified that which he saw.
12 Will ye then dispute with him concerning what he saw?
13 For indeed he saw him at a second descent,
14 Near the Lote-tree beyond which none may pass:
15 Near it is the Garden of Abode.
16 Behold, the Lote-tree was shrouded (in mystery unspeakable!)
17 (His) sight never swerved, nor did it go wrong!
18 For truly did he see, of the Signs of his Lord, the Greatest!

— Quran 53:10–18

The Lote Tree is also referred to in Sura 34, verse 16 and Sura 56, verse 28.

Meaning in Islam

A modern Qur'an Commentary entitled Taisīr al-karīm al-raḥman fī tafsīr kalām al-manān by Abd ar-Rahman ibn Nasir as-Sa'di, while commenting on Quran 53:14, the Sidrat al-Muntahā, (Lote-Tree of the Extremity) explained:[4]

It [the Sidrat al-Muntahā] is a very large Tree (shajarat) beyond the seventh heaven. It is named the Sidrat al-Muntahā because there terminates at it whatever ascends from the earth and whatever descends [from heaven] including what comes down from God, including waḥy (divine inspiration) and other things besides. Alternatively, [it might be said that this name is because] it is the Uttermost Extremity or the very end of something [ or Boundary] (intihā' which is one of the many Arabic words for the word end) for the knowledge of the creatures approaching it, relative, that is, to its Existent Being [as located] above the heavens and the earth. So it is al-Muntahā (the Extremity, Boundary) with respect to [all human] modes of knowledge (`ulūm) or other things besides. And God is best informed [of this matter]. Thus [it was that] Muhammad saw Gabriel in that location (al-makān) which is the domain of the pure and beautiful, elevated [celestial] Souls (maḥall al-arwāḥ al-`uluwiyya al-zakiyya al-jamīliyya)...
— (As-Sa`di, Tafsir, 819).[4]

Abdullah Yusuf Ali, whose The Holy Qur'an: Text, Translation and Commentary is among the most widely known English versions of the Qur'an,[5] explained that this tree "marked the bounds of heavenly knowledge as revealed to men, beyond which neither Angels nor men could pass."[3]

[6] Sale also notes that one commentator states that line 16 refers to the "host of angels worshipping" around the tree[7] and another that it is about the birds which sit on its branches.[8]

The nineteenth century English explorer, Richard Burton reported seeing an ancient Sidr tree in the mosque containing the Prophet Muhammad's tomb in Madina . It was in a garden dedicated to the Prophets' daughter, Fatimah. The fruit from the tree was being sold to pilgrims and its leaves used for washing dead bodies.[9]

In the Bahá'í Faith

The Sidrat al-Muntahā (usually transcribed as Sadratu'l-Muntahá in Bahá'í writings; see Bahá'í orthography) is a metaphor for the Manifestation of God.[10][11][12]

Use as a symbol

The Sidrat al-Muntaha is sometimes named in the short form as sidra tree. It is used as a symbol for example by the Qatar Foundation: "The Sidra tree, growing strong and proud in the harshest of environments, has been a symbol of perseverance and nourishment across the borders of the Arab world. What is the significance of this glorious tree? With its roots bound in the soil of this world and its branches reaching upwards toward perfection, it is a symbol of solidarity and determination; it reminds us that the goals of this world are not incompatible with the goals of the spirit." The evergreen tree Ziziphus spina-christi represents this symbol in natural form.[13]

See also

References

  1. ^ Quran 53:14
  2. ^ El-Sayed El-Aswad. Religion and Folk Cosmology: Scenarios of the Visible and Invisible in Rural Egypt. Praeger/Greenwood. United States: 2002. p. 84. ISBN 0-89789-924-5
  3. ^ a b Abdullah, Yusuf Ali (1946) The Holy Qur-an: Text, Translation and Commentary, Qatar National Printing Press. p.1139,n.3814
  4. ^ a b Stephen Lambden (9 November 2009). "The Sidrah (Lote-Tree) and the Sidrat al-Muntaha (Lote-Tree of the Extremity) - part 1". Hurqalya Publications. Retrieved 9 July 2014. 
  5. ^  
  6. ^ Sir John Lubbock's hundred books. George Routledge and sons, London. p.323 note r
  7. ^ Ahmad al-Badawi, p. 323 note 1
  8. ^ Rumi' p. 323' note 2
  9. ^ Burton, Sir Richard Francis (1855) A Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah and Meccah p.337
  10. ^ Macias, Shirley: Verse of Light, the Sadratu'l-Muntahá, and the Unfoldment of Allah's Plan, The (1991)
  11. ^ Lambden, Stephen. (2009). The Sidrah (Lote-Tree) and the Sidrat al-Muntaha (Lote-Tree of the Extremity): Some Apects of their Islamic and Bābī-Bahā'ī Interpretations - In Two Parts.
  12. ^  
  13. ^ Sheikha Moza bint Nasser, Qatar Foundation Chairperson (13 October 2003). "The Sidra Tree Story". Qatar Foundation - About. 
  • Ayoub, Mahmoud. The Qur'an and Its Interpreters: The House of 'Imran. SUNY Press. Albany, NY: 1992. ISBN 0-7914-0993-7

External links

  • Glossary of Islamic terms
  • Sidrat al-Muntaha
  • Miracle of Isra and Miraj
This article was sourced from Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. World Heritage Encyclopedia content is assembled from numerous content providers, Open Access Publishing, and in compliance with The Fair Access to Science and Technology Research Act (FASTR), Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., Public Library of Science, The Encyclopedia of Life, Open Book Publishers (OBP), PubMed, U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH), U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, and USA.gov, which sources content from all federal, state, local, tribal, and territorial government publication portals (.gov, .mil, .edu). Funding for USA.gov and content contributors is made possible from the U.S. Congress, E-Government Act of 2002.
 
Crowd sourced content that is contributed to World Heritage Encyclopedia is peer reviewed and edited by our editorial staff to ensure quality scholarly research articles.
 
By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. World Heritage Encyclopedia™ is a registered trademark of the World Public Library Association, a non-profit organization.
 


Copyright © World Library Foundation. All rights reserved. eBooks from Project Gutenberg are sponsored by the World Library Foundation,
a 501c(4) Member's Support Non-Profit Organization, and is NOT affiliated with any governmental agency or department.