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In chapter 1, following the Special Theory of Relativity, we generalize the Lorentz Contraction Factor C(v) to an Oblique-Contraction Factor OC(v, θ), which gives the contraction factor of the lengths moving at an oblique angle with respect to the motion direction. In the chapters 2-5 we show several inconsistencies, contradictions, and anomalies in the Special and General Theories of Relativity...

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1.3. Oblique-Length Contraction Factor The Special Theory of Relativity asserts that all lengths in the direction of motion are contracted, while the lengths at right angles to the motion are unaffected. But it didn’t say anything about lengths at oblique angle to the motion (i.e. neither perpendicular to, nor along the motion direction), how would they behave? This is a generalization of Galilean Relativity, i.e. we consider the oblique lengths. The length contraction factor in the motion direction is: C(v) = The square root of (1 – (v squared divided by c squared )(5) Suppose we have a rectangular object with width W and length L that travels at a constant speed v with respect to an observer on Earth. ...

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Chapter 1. Contraction and Dilation Factors in The Special Theory of Relativity: 15 Chapter 2. New Paradoxes for The Special Theory of Relativity: 38 Chapter 3. Other Paradoxes for The Special Theory of Relativity: 53 Chapter 4. Dilemmas for The General Theory of Relativity: 77 Chapter 5. Open Questions and Remarks: 101 ...

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“The Analects of Confucius” are considered a record of the words and acts of Confucius and his disciples, as well as the discussions they held. Written during the Spring and Autumn Period through the Warring States Period（475 BC - 221 BC) the Analects is the representative work of Confucianism and continues to have a tremendous influence on Chinese and East Asian thoughts and values today. In neutrosophy, between two ends there are many, sometimes a continuous range of neutralities (degrees of middle, or degrees of synthesis). Each middle (called “neutrality” or “indeterminacy” in neutrosophy) is a k% degree of truth and a (100-k)% degree of falsehood. We have a paradox if the sentence is 100% true, 100% false, and 100% indeterminate....

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Negative Part 3 You want to know a person truly, not only to understand this person’s words, but also understand this person’s actions and ideas. Commentary on Negative Part 3 Confucius did not mention to understand people’s ideas. While the words and actions are controlled by the ideas. Neutrosophic Part 3 The person’s time and energy were limited. For knowing a man truly, besides one person’s ability, other person’s help is needed in many cases, sometimes even the machine and the measuring appliance and so on are needed....

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Brief Introduction ……………………………………..3 Foreword………………………………………………..5 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 1…...……..13 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 2………….30 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 3………….48 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 4……….....54 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 5……….....58 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 6……….....63 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 7……….....69 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 8……….....74 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 9……….....79 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 10….……..84 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 11………...89 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 12….……..95 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 13……….101 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 14.………108 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 15……….115 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 16……….120 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 17……….126 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 18.………132 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 19……….136 Positive, Negative and Neutrosophic Book 20…….…141 Postscript ………………………………………...

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4 great essays.

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“If I had a time machine I'd visit Marilyn Monroe in her prime,” wrote Professor Hawking in his article “STEPHEN HAWKING: How to build a time machine,” in Daily Mail. I liked very much his idea and prepared to go back in time. I started with time travel research, reading reference books and articles, and exchanging emails with leading experts on time travel. Scholars most often suggest using the following time travel methods: to travel faster than the speed of light, to use black holes, cosmic strings, negative ener-gy, negative mass, exotic matter, or wormholes. After making some brisk calculations with my favorite pocket calculator, I came to the conclusion that the easiest, and financially accessible, way to travel back and forth in time is to build a wormhole. Constructing a wormhole is more or less clear, and I could make a time machine based on this technology in about a few months. ...

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Table of Contents Humanity is perfectly visible to extraterrestrials E=mc2 or how to visit Marilyn Monroe Dinosaur Extinction Mechanism Finally Revealed Alien Bugs ...

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New scientific medical discovery in Islamic method of (Animal slaughter) and without the use of any stunning method: Today we stand before the medical fact of pronouncing "in the Name of God, Allah is Greater" over slaughtered animal when slaughtering. It is mentioned in a unique scientific research project unveiled by a group of Professors, physicians and scientists. They have fought deadly germs through science, driving away the darkness of ignorance and superstition. They have also removed the ignorance that covered the legacy of the Heavenly religions. They have fought deadly germs through science, driving away the darkness of ignorance and superstition. They have also removed the ignorance that covered the legacy of the Heavenly religions....

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Volumul de faţă adună o mână de studii, articole şi consemnări din presa românească despre scriitorul şi omul de ştiinţă Florentin Smarandache, mişcarea lite-rar-artistică pe care a iniţiat-o (Paradoxismul) şi una dintre teoriile pe care le-a dezvoltat (Viteza Supra-luminală); câteva mesaje adresate acestuia şi o addenda ilustrată vin să contureze peisajul ştiinţific, artistic şi uman în care se mişcă unul dintre cei mai prolifici, mai interesanţi şi mai apreciaţi români ai momentului. This volume gathers a handful of studies, articles and records of Romanian press about the writer and scientist Smarandache rare literary and artistic movement that initiated it (Paradoxism) and one of the theories he developed (Over-luminal speed) address and a few messages come to shape the landscape addenda illustrated scientific, artistic and human that moves one of the most prolific, most interesting and Romanian appreciate the moment....

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Florentin Smarandache este unul dintre cei mai cunoscuți scriitor români în afara ţării natale. Activităţile sale literare şi ştiinţifice sunt impresionante. Peste 3.000 de pagini de jurnal nepublicate (datorate călătoriei şi traiului în jurul lumii, dornic să ştie şi să întâlnească oameni şi să studieze diferite culturi). La Arizona State University, Hayden Library, în Tempe, Arizona, există o mare colecţie specială numită “The Florentin Smarandache Papers” (care are mai mult de 30 de picioare liniare / linear feet) cu cărţi, reviste, manuscrise, documente, CD-uri, DVD-uri, benzi video realizate de el sau despre opera sa. Altă colecţie specială “The Florentin Smarandache Papers” se află la The University of Texas, la Austin, Archives of American Mathematics (în cadrul Centrului American de Istorie). ...

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NORMA SMARANDACHE ..................................... 7 Florentin Smarandache: Fişă de dicţionar ..................................... 9 Nominalizarea lui Florentin Smarandache pentru Premiul Nobel pentru literatură (Geo Stroe)..... 18 Fizicianul care l-a contrazis pe Einstein (Florin Grieraşu) ..................................... 25 FAŢETELE PARADOXULUI ..................................... 37 De la paradox la paradoxism (Titu Popescu) ............................... 38 De la multistructură şi multispaţiu la “recepţionarea multidimensională estetică şi paradoxistă Smarandache” (Ştefan Vlăduţescu) ..................................... 51 Teoria S-negării (Olga Popescu) ..................................... 54 Antiscrisori paradoxiste (Ion Segărceanu) ..................................... 57 Antologia a şasea paradoxistă în cotidianul internaţional (Marinela Preoteasa) ..................................... 61 MATEMATICA LITERELOR ..................................... 65 Libertatea s-a născut la mahala (Tudor Negoescu) ..................................... 66 Florentin Smarandache: poetul matematician (Ion M...

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The single monograph existing worldwide regarding salt-secreting structures in halophytes. Based on integrative anatomy approach, this book is an excellent review of secretory structures in halophytes, including 250 figures and almost 400 bibliographic inputs. Coming with an English abstract....

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Chapter one is introductory in nature and chapter two uses vector spaces to build quasi set topological vector subspaces. Not only we use vector spaces but we also use S-vector spaces, set vector spaces, semigroup vector spaces and group vector spaces to build set topological vector subspaces. These also give several finite set topological spaces. Such study is carried out in chapters three and four....

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To every quasi set topological vector subspace T relative to the set P  F, we have a lattice associated with it we call this lattice as the Representative Quasi Set Topological Vector subspace lattice (RQTV-lattice) of T relative to P. When T is finite we have a nice representation of them. In case T is infinite we have a lattice which is of infinite order. We can in all cases give the atoms of the lattice which is in fact the basic set of T over P. It is pertinent to keep on record that the T and the basic set (or the atoms of the RQTV-lattice) depends on the set P over which it is defined. We will illustrate this situation by some examples. ...

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Preface 5 Chapter One INTRODUCTION 7 Chapter Two QUASI SET TOPOLOGICAL VECTOR SUBSPACES 9 Chapter Three S-QUASI SET TOPOLOGICAL VECTOR SUBSPACES 59 Chapter Four NEW SET TOPOLOGICAL VECTOR SPACES 89 FURTHER READING 147 INDEX 149 ABOUT THE AUTHORS 152...

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Etimologic, aforism + flori = af(L)orism, deci un “aflorism” este o mică reflecție scrisă pe un dizain floral, ori un poem scurt pe un fond artistic.

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Cost piperat Sau ţi-o pune aşa un preţ ..să pici în coadă!

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Cuprins Cuprins..................................................5 Cât vreau eu..................................................25 Dezolare........................................................25 Lucrătură proastă....................................................25 Ridicol..................................................25 Dispreţuitor...................................................25 Încearcă pastile, că..................................................26 Dreptul de alegere..................................................26 Mister..................................................26 Unul sus pus..................................................26 Needucat.......................................................26 Ingâmfatul.....................................................27 Dublă condamnare..................................................27 Iritant sonor..................................................27 Iscoditor........................................................27 Sunt edificat..................................................27 Zăpacit de fericire...................................................

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A good tool for introducing in study of halophytes and saline environments.

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This magazine from the National Institutes of Health’s National Institute of General Medical Sciences showcases diverse scientists who do cutting-edge research and lead interesting lives. Each issue also contains brief research highlights, a puzzle or other activity and links to online extras. It is available in PDF format (see http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/findings/issues.asp for links to PDFs of all issues)....

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This magazine from the National Institutes of Health’s National Institute of General Medical Sciences showcases diverse scientists who do cutting-edge research and lead interesting lives. Each issue also contains brief research highlights, a puzzle or other activity and links to online extras. It is available in PDF format (see http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/findings/issues.asp for links to PDFs of all issues)....

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This magazine from the National Institutes of Health’s National Institute of General Medical Sciences showcases diverse scientists who do cutting-edge research and lead interesting lives. Each issue also contains brief research highlights, a puzzle or other activity and links to online extras. It is available in PDF format (see http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/findings/issues.asp for links to PDFs of all issues)....

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This magazine from the National Institutes of Health’s National Institute of General Medical Sciences showcases diverse scientists who do cutting-edge research and lead interesting lives. Each issue also contains brief research highlights, a puzzle or other activity and links to online extras. It is available in PDF format (see http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/findings/issues.asp for links to PDFs of all issues)....

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În anul 1972 Florentin Smarandache prezentase o ipoteză supraluminala (prin care susţinea că nu există barieră a vitezei în univers), infirmând postulatul einsteinian. Autorul l-a contrazis din nou pe Einstein în 1982 construind, prin calcule matematice simple, o Teorie Absolută a Relativităţii (T.A.R.), din care erau înlăturate fanteziile ştiinţifice din Teoria Specială a Relativităţii precum dilatare a timpului, contractare a spaţiului, simultaneitate relativistă, sau paradoxuri relativiste. In 1972 Smarandache hypothesis provided a warp (which claims that there is speed barrier in the universe), refuting Einsteinian postulate. Author Einstein contradicted again in 1982 built by simple math, an Absolute Relativity Theory (ART), which were removed scientific fantasies special theory of relativity and time dilation, space contraction, relativistic simultaneity, or paradoxes relativistic....

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„Neutrosofia” deschide uşi noi în matematică şi în fizică Florentin Smarandache, şef de promoţie al Facultăţii de Matematică din Craiova, nu este doar matematician, ci şi scriitor (poet, prozator, dramaturg), întemeietor al mişcării literare de avangardă numită de el „Paradoxism” (pentru că utilizează în mod programmatic paradoxuri, antiteze, oximoroane), editând şase antologii internaţionale paradoxiste. Are contribuţii şi în alte ştiinţe (filozofie şi fizică), bazate pe aplicarea paradoxismului în ştiinţă. Pornind de la faptul că pentru o entitate „A” există nu doar opusul ei, „antiA”, ci şi neutrul ei, „neutA” (care nu este nici „A”, nici „antiA”), Florentin Smarandache a generalizat „Dialectica” (un capitol al filozofiei, bazat pe existenţa „contrariilor” – „A” şi „antiA”) în „Neutrosofie” (bazată pe existent „contariilor” şi a „neutraliilor”). ...

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22 septembrie 2011: CERN confirmă primul experiment supraluminal - Smarandache Hypothesis, by Philip M. Parker .. . 7 - Un cercetător român a dedus existenţa particulelor cu vitezele supraluminale descoperite recent la CERN, de Prof. Ion Pătraşcu.......... 8 - Un cercetător român postulase că viteza luminii poate fi depăşită, înaintea descoperirii făcute de CERN, de Ichim Vasilică .......... 13 - Profet în Ţara Fizicii: Smarandache confirmat, Einstein infirmat?! de Mircea Monu, fizician....23 - Follow-up on CERN's OPERA Neutrino Results, by Huping Hu & Maoxin Wu ........ 34 04-11 noiembrie 2011: Participare la Conferinţa Internaţională IEEE de Calcul Granular, Universitatea Kaohsiung, Taiwan, cu lucrări despre Logica Neutrosofică - Florentin Smarandache duce neutrosofia şi în Taiwan!, de M. Monu .......... 37 18 noiembrie 2011: Premiul Statului New Mexico la categoria Ştiinţă şi Matematică în Albuquerque - Renaissance Man, Shondiin Silversmith ... . 46 - Un profesor român a câştigat Premiul statului New Mexico (SUA) la Ştiinţă şi Matematică pe anul 2011, de Prof. Mircea Eugen Şelariu ......... 48 premiul statului New M...

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Author’s imagination of how would look the physical micro-universe using composed, found, changed, modified, alternated, or computer-programmed art works. These images are part of a series of about 100 cyberart creations representing the unimaginable little word of physics particles, anti-particles, un-particles that compose the matter, anti-matter, and un-matter....

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Electronic Art (forward): 4 QUANTUM: 5 …micro-universe images QUANTUM THEORY: 23 …micro-universe images QUANTIZATION: 39 …micro-universe images QUANTUM NUMBERS: 56 …micro-universe images QUANTUM MECHANICS: 72 …micro-universe images GENERALIZATION OF SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION: 88 …micro-universe images...

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This book has six chapters. First chapter gives a brief description of biotechnology. Second chapter deals will proper proportion of mix of raw materials in cement industries to minimize pollution using fuzzy control theory. Chapter three gives the method of determination of temperature set point for crude oil in oil refineries. Chapter four studies the flow rates in chemical industries using fuzzy neutral networks. Chapter five gives the method of minimization of waste gas flow in chemical industries using fuzzy linear programming. The final chapter suggests when in these studies indeterminancy is an attribute or concept involved, the notion of neutrosophic methods can be adopted. The authors feel that the reader should be well versed with fuzzy models like neural networks, fuzzy relational equations, fuzzy control theory, fuzzy linear programming and neutrosophic fuzzy models like NRE together with a knowledge of the technical functioning of chemical industries....

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2.4 Finding the MIX of raw materials in proper proportion and minimize the waste dust using fuzzy neural network. The study of proper proportions of material mix during the clinkerization process is very difficult due to inconsistency in the chemical and mineralogical composition and the variation of these characteristic affects kiln operation, fuel consumption, clinker quality and above all the amount of CKD vent into the atmosphere. Further the raw mix should maintain a fixed range for a specific quality of cement. The problem of satisfying this range involves lot of randomness and uncertainty, which in turn speaks about the desired quality of the clinker. ...

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Preface 5 Chapter One INTRODUCTION 7 Chapter Two BIOTECHNOLOGY IN CHEMICAL INDUSTIRES 11 2.1 Description of waste CKD in cement kiln 13 2.2 Monitoring and control of the system using FCT and improvement of burning zone and combustion 16 2.3 Determination of gas volume setpoint and temperature set point for CKD processing 26 2.4 Finding the MIX of raw materials in proper proportion and minimize the waste dust using fuzzy neural network 35 Chapter Three DETERMINATION OF TEMPERATURE SET POINTS FOR CRUDE OIL 47 3.1 Introduction 47 3.2 Description of Crude Oil Refineries 48 3.3 Determination of Temperature Set-Point of Kerosene Resulting in Better Distillation Using Fuzzy Control Theory 52 3.4 Determination of Temperature Set Point of Naphtha Resulting in Better Distillation using Fuzzy Control Theory 61 3.5 Determination of Temperature Set-Point of Gasoil Resulting in Better Distillation using Fuzzy Control Theory 69 3.6 Conclusions 78 Chapter Four STUDY OF FLOW RATES IN CHEMICAL PLANTS 79 4.1 Use of FRE in Chemical Engineering 79 4.2 Fuzzy neural networks to estimate velocity of flow distribution in a pipe networ...

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This book has five chapters. First chapter is introductory in nature. Here we just study chemical pollution caused by garment industries in chapter two of this book using fuzzy associative memories. In chapter three we give ways to control pollution by improving the system performance using hierarchical genetic fuzzy control algorithm. This study is carried out using the past data reported by Shimada et al (1995). Health hazards suffered by the agriculture labourers; caused by the chemicals used as fertilizers and pesticides is analysed in chapter four using RTD matrices. Chapter five gives a method of minimization of SOx and NOx using fuzzy control theory in cement industries to reduce pollution....

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In this chapter, we have used the fuzzy control method to find the correct measure of pressure and speed of kiln. Using data from Alathur cement industry, we have used mean of maximum method of fuzzy control with the data and we found the pressure and speed of kiln. Here the speed and pressure of kiln are important parameters in the kiln, because the SOx and N0X concentration is dependent on the kiln feed, coal feed and the kiln feed, coal feed are dependent on speed and pressure of kiln. That means if we increase the kiln feed and coal feed we must increase the kiln pressure and speed. By this way the mixing of SOx and NOx with kiln feed is maintained properly or otherwise the SOx and NOx will not mix fully with the kiln feed. The remaining unmixed gases of SOx and NOx are the wastage polluting the environment. For this, we convert all this kiln feed and coal feed level and pressure of kiln and speed of kiln into fuzzy control. By using fuzzy control we identify a correct pressure and speed of the kiln for a given kiln feed and coal feed. When we choose a correct pressure of kiln and speed of kiln through fuzzy control, the SO...

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Preface 5 Chapter One INTRODUCTION 7 Chapter Two USE OF FAM MODELS TO ANALYSE THE POLLUTION CAUSED BY THE GARMENT INDUSTRIES 11 Chapter Three HIERARCHICAL GENETIC ALGORITHM TO IMPROVE THE SYSTEM PERFORMANCE AND REDUCE POLLUTION BY CHEMICAL PLANTS 51 3.1 Introduction 51 3.2 Description of the Problem 53 3.3 Application of Hierarchical Genetic Fuzzy Control Algorithm to Control Process Variables of Decision Tables in Chemical Plants 56 3.4 Use of Hierarchical Genetic Fuzzy Control Algorithm in the Real Data 58 3.5 Conclusions 73 Chapter Four IDENTIFICATION OF THE MAXIMUM AGE GROUP IN WHICH THE AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS SUFFER HEALTH HAZARDS DUE TO CHEMICAL POLLUTION USING RTD MATRIX 75 4.1 Introduction 75 4.2 Estimation of the Maximum Age Group of the Agricultural Labourers having Cardio Vascular Problem due to Chemical Pollution using RTD Matrices 77 4.3 Conclusion 93 Chapter Five MINIMIZATION OF SOX AND NOX USING FUZZY CONTROL THEORY IN CEMENT INDUSTRIES TO REDUCE POLLUTION 95 5.1 Introduction 95 5.2 Description of the Problem 97 5.3 Process Fates of Sulfur in Cement Kiln 98 5.4 Process Fates of Ni...

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Do you think "math = awesome" is a true statement? After reading this book, you might change your answer to a yes. With "jargon avoidance" in mind, this recreational math book gives you the lowdown on why math is fun, interesting and relevant in today's society. Intended for anyone who is curious about math and where it is circa 2010. This book is less concerned with exploring the mathematical details than it is with exploring the overall impact of various discoveries and insights, and aims to be insightful, cutting edge-y and mathematically rigorous....

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Book Directory: 1. Introduction 2. Picking a Winner is as Easy as 1, 2, 3. 3. That's my Birthday! 4. Sizing up Infinity 5. I am a Liar 6. Gratuitous Mathematical Hype 7. LOL Math, Math LOL 8. In Addition to High School Geometry 9. Abstraction is for the Birds 10. NKS: Anti-Establishment as Establishment 11. 42% of Statistics are Made up 12. Undercover Mathematicians 13. I Will Never Use This 14. Gaussian Copula: $ Implications 15. A Proven Savant 16. History of the TOE and E8 17. One Heck of a Ratio 18. A Real Mathematical Hero 19. Casinos Heart Math 20. The Man who was Sure About Uncertainty 21. We Eat This Stuff Up 22. Do I Have a Question for you! 23. When Nothing is Something 24. Think Binary 25. Your Order Will Take Forever 26. When you Need Randomness in Life 27. e=mc^2 Redux 28. Quipu to Mathematica 29. Through the Eyes of Escher 30. Origami is Realized Geometry 31. Quantifying the Physical 32. Geometric Progression Sure Adds up 33. Nature = a + bi and Other Infinite Details 34. Mundane Implications of Tim...

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Scientia Magna is published annually in 200-300 pages per volume and 1,000 copies on topics such as mathematics, physics, philosophy, psychology, sociology, and linguistics....

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A structure theorem of right C-rpp semigroups1 Abstract A new method of construction for right C-rpp semigroups is given by using a right cross product of a right regular band and a strong semilattice of left cancellative monoids. Keywords Right C-rpp semigroups, right cross products, right regular bands, left cancellative monoids. x1. Introduction Recall that a semigroup S is called an rpp semigroup if all its principal right ideals aS1, regarded as right S1-systems, are projective. According to J.B. Fountain[5], a semigroup S is rpp if and only if, for any a 2 S, the set Ma=fe 2 E j S1a µ Se and for all x; y 2 S1, ax = ay ) ex = eyg is a non-empty set, where E is the set of all idempotents of S. An rpp semigroup S is called strongly rpp if for every a 2 S, there exists a unique idempotent e in Ma such that ea=a. It is easy to see that regular semigroups are rpp semigroups and completely regular semigroups are strongly rpp semigroups. Thus, rpp semigroups are generalizations of regular semigroups. A strongly rpp semigroups S is said to be a right C-rpp semigroup if L. _ R is a congruence on S and Se µ eS for all e 2 E(...

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X. Pan and B. Liu : On the irrational root sieve sequence 1 H. Liu : Sub-self-conformal sets 4 K. Liu : On mean values of an arithmetic function 12 L. Wang and Y. Liu : On an infinite series related to Hexagon-numbers 16 X. Ren, etc. : A structure theorem of right C-rpp semigroups 21 A. R. Gilani and B. N. Waphare : Fuzzy extension in BCI-algebras 26 A. S. Shabani : The Pell's equation x2 ¡ Dy2 = §a 33 L. Cheng : On the mean value of the Smarandache LCM function 41 W. Guan : Four problems related to the Pseudo-Smarandache-Squarefree function 45 Y. Lou : On the pseudo Smarandache function 48 J. L. Gonzalez : A miscellaneous remark on problems involving Mersenne primes 51 Y. Liu and J. Li : On the F.Smarandache LCM function and its mean value 52 N. T. Quang and P. D. Tuan : A generalized abc-theorem for functions of several variables 56 W. Liu, etc. : An assessment method for weight of experts at interval judgment 61 Y. Xue : On the F.Smarandache LCM function SL(n) 69 Y. Zheng : On the Pseudo Smarandache function and its two conjectures 74 Z. Ding : Diophantine equations and their positive integer solutions 77 S. Gou ...

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Scientia Magna is published annually in 200-300 pages per volume and 1,000 copies on topics such as mathematics, physics, philosophy, psychology, sociology, and linguistics....

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Abstract In this paper, we use 4-cyclotomic cosets of modulo n and generator polynomials to describe quaternary simple-root cyclic codes of length n = 85. We discuss the conditions under which a quaternary cyclic codes contain its dual, and obtain some quantum error-correcting codes of length n = 85, three of these codes are better than previous known codes. Keywords Quaternary cyclic code, self-orthogonal code, quantum error-correcting code. x1. Introduction Since the initial discovery of quantum error-correcting codes, researchers have made great progress in developing quantum error-correcting codes. Many code construction are given. Reference [1] gives a thorough discussion of the principles of quantum coding theory. Many good quantum error-correcting codes were constructed from BCH codes, Reed-Muller codes, Reed-Solomon codes and algebraic geometric codes, see [2-6]. So it is natural to construct quantum error-correcting codes from quaternary cyclic codes. It is known that there is a close relation between cyclotomic coset and cyclic codes. Suggested by this relation, we use 4-cyclotomic coset modulo n and generator polyn...

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S. M. Khairnar and M. More : Subclass of analytic and univalent functions in the unit disk 1 Y. Ma, etc. : Large quaternary cyclic codes of length 85 and related quantum error-correcting 9 J. Chen : Value distribution of the F.Smarandache LCM function 15 M. Bencze : About a chain of inequalities 19 C. Tian and N. Yuan : On the Smarandache LCM dual function 25 J. Caltenco, etc. : Riemannian 4-spaces of class two 29 Y. Xue : On a conjecture involving the function SL¤(n) 41 Y. Wang : Some identities involving the near pseudo Smarandache function 44 A. Gilani and B. Waphare : On pseudo a-ideal of pseudo-BCI algebras 50 J. Chen : An equation involving the F.Smarandache multiplicative function 60 M. Enciso-Aguilar, etc. : Matrix elements for the morse and coulomb interactions 66 Y. Xu and S. Li : On s¤¡Supplemented Subgroups of Finite Groups 73 C. Tian : Two equations involving the Smarandache LCM dual function 80 W. Zheng and J. Dou : Periodic solutions of impulsive periodic Competitor- Competitor-Mutualist system 86 X. Zhang : On the fourth power mean value of B(Â) 93 Z. Lv : On the F.Smarandache function and its mean val...

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The authors in this book have analyzed the socio-economic and psychological problems faced by People with Disabilities (PWDs) and their families. The study was made by collecting data using both fuzzy linguistic questionnaire by interviews in case they are not literates from 2,15,811 lakhs people. This data was collected using the five Non Government Organizations (NGOs) from northern Tamil Nadu....

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The main objective of this was to understand the basic psychological and social problems faced by the PWDs and their caretakers. To interpret the collected data, tabulations and analysis were made. Efforts were made to highlight the inferences in each table and in few places comments were made in order to use it for fuzzy analysis. Following is the list of organizations and the total population from 5 blocks is listed below....

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Preface 6 Chapter One INTRODUCTION TO BASIC CONCEPTS 11 Chapter Two ANALYSIS OF THE COLLECTED DATA OF THE PWDS FROM MELMALAYANUR AND KURINJI PADI BLOCKS IN TAMIL NADU 13 Chapter Three THE NEW FUZZY COGNITIVE RELATIONAL MAPS (FCRMS) BIMODEL 29 Chapter Four ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIO ECONOMIC PROBLEMS FACED BY THE PWDS USING (SFCMS) 47 4.1 Application of FCMs Models to Social and Psychological Problems 48 4.2 Expert Opinion of PWDs using Special FCMs to Analyse the Problem of PWDs 50 4.3 The Expert Opinion of the caretakers of the PWDs using SFCM 59 4.4 The Expert Opinion of the NGOs working with the PWDs using Special FCM Model 62 Chapter Five THE STUDY OF INTERRELATED PROBLEMS FACED BY THE PWDS AND THE CARE TAKERS 73 5.1 Introduction 73 5.2 Experts Opinion from a Public Person Living in Melmalayanur Block 77 5.3 Expert Opinion of PWDs using FRMs 84 5.4 Expert Opinion of Caretakers of the PWDs using FRM 87 5.5 Expert Opinion of the NGOs working with the PWDs using the FRM model 93 Chapter Six ANALYSIS OF PROBLEMS OF RURAL PWDs USING THE NEW FCRM BIMODEL 99 6.1 Expert Opinion of the Caretaker and a PWD using the ...

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The present book covers a wide-range of issues from alternative hadron models to their likely implications in New Energy research, including alternative interpretation of low energy reaction (coldfusion) phenomena. While some of these discussions may be found a bit too theoretical, our view is that once these phenomena can be put into rigorous theoretical framework, thereafter more 'openminded' physicists may be more ready to consider these New Energy methods more seriously. Our basic proposition in the present book is that considering these new theoretical insights, one can expect there are new methods to generate New Energy technologies which are clearly within reach of human knowledge in the coming years....

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In the preceding article we argue that biquaternionic extension of Klein-Gordon equation has numerical solution with sinusoidal form, which differs appreciably from conventional Yukawa potential. In the present article we interpret and compare this result from the viewpoint of EQPET/TSC model described by Takahashi. Further observation is of course recommended in order to refute or verify this proposition....

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Peer-reviewers ii Abstract iii Preface by D. Rapoport iv Contents vi Foreword viii Prologue: Socio-economic impact of New Energy technologies xi Contributors to this volume xiv Short biography of Contributors xv Free energy and Topological Geometrodynamics 1. Nuclear string hypothesis – M. Pitkanen 1 2. The notion of free-energy and many-sheeted Space-Time concept – M. Pitkanen 44 3. Prediction and calculation of New Energy development – Fu Yuhua 111 4. Some unsolved problems in the physics of elementary particle – V. Christianto & F. Smarandache (PiP, vol. 3 no. 4, 2007) 127 5. About some unsolved problems in physics – M. Pitkanen 132 Beyond Standard Model, Unmatter and Yang-Mills Field 6. Bifurcations and pattern formation in particle physics: an introductory study – E. Goldfain (submitted to APS conference, 2008) 151 7. Dynamics of Neutrino oscillations and the Cosmological constant problem – E. Goldfain 168 8. Fractional dynamics and the Standard Model of Elementary particles – E. Goldfain (Comm. In Nonlin. Science and Numerical. Simulation, 2007) 176 9. A new possible form of Matter, Unmatter – formed by parti...

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Scientia Magna is published annually in 200-300 pages per volume and 1,000 copies on topics such as mathematics, physics, philosophy, psychology, sociology, and linguistics....

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An identity involving the function ep(n) Abstract The main purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between the Riemann zeta-function and an in¯nite series involving the Smarandache function ep(n) by using the elementary method, and give an interesting identity. Keywords Riemann zeta-function, in¯nite series, identity. x1. Introduction and Results Let p be any fixed prime, n be any positive integer, ep(n) denotes the largest exponent of power p in n. That is, ep(n) = m, if pm j n and pm+1 - n. In problem 68 of [1], Professor F.Smarandache asked us to study the properties of the sequence fep(n)g. About the elementary properties of this function, many scholars have studied it (see reference [2]-[7]), and got some useful results. For examples, Liu Yanni [2] studied the mean value properties of ep(bk(n)), where bk(n) denotes the k-th free part of n, and obtained an interesting mean value formula for it. That is, let p be a prime, k be any fixed positive integer, then for any real number x ¸ 1, we have the asymptotic formula....

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F. Ayatollah, etc. : Some faces of Smarandache semigroups' concept in transformation semigroups' approach 1 G. Feng : On the F.Smarandache LCM function 5 N. Quang and P. Tuan : An extension of Davenport's theorem 9 M. Zhu : On the hybrid power mean of the character sums and the general Kloosterman sums 14 H. Yang and R. Fu : An equation involving the square sum of natural numbers and Smarandache primitive function 18 X. Pan and P. Zhang : An identity involving the Smarandache function ep(n) 26 A.A.K. Majumdar : A note on the Smarandache inversion sequence 30 F. Li : Some Dirichlet series involving special sequences 36 Y. Wang : An asymptotic formula of Sk(n!) 40 S. Gao and Z. Shao : A fuzzy relaxed approach for multi-objective transportation problem 44 J. Li : An infinity series involving the Smarandache-type function 52 B.E. Carvajal-Gamez, etc. : On the Lorentz matrix in terms of Infeld-van der Waerden symbols 56 X. Li : On the mean value of the Smarandache LCM function 58 K. Ran and S. Gao : Ishikawa iterative approximation of fixed points for multi-valued Ástrongly pseudo-contract mappings 63 X. Fan : On the divisi...

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This issue of the journal is devoted to the proceedings of the third International Conference on Number Theory and Smarandache Problems. The conference was a great success and will give a strong impact on the development of number theory in general and Smarandache problems in particular. In this volume we assemble not only those papers which were presented at the conference but also those papers which were submitted later and are concerned with the Smarandache type problems or other mathematical problems. Other papers are concerned with the number-theoretic Smarandache problems and will enrich the already rich stock of results on them. Readers can learn various techniques used in number theory and will get familiar with the beautiful identities and sharp asymptotic formulas obtained in the volume....

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Abstract : Let k be any ¯xed positive integer, n be any positive integer, Sk(n) denotes the smallest positive integer m such that m! is divisible by kn: In this paper, we use the elementary methods to study the asymptotic properties of Sk(n), and give an interesting asymptotic formula for it. Keywords : F. Smarandache problem, primitive numbers, asymptotic formula. ...

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J. Wang : Cube-free integers as sums of two squares 1 G. Liu and H. Li : Recurrences for generalized Euler numbers 9 H. Li and Q. Yang : Some properties of the LCM sequence 14 M. Liu : On the generalization of the primitive number function 18 Z. Lv : On the F. Smarandache LCM function and its mean value 22 Q. Wu : A conjecture involving the F. Smarandache LCM function 26 S. Xue : On the Smarandache dual function 29 N. Yuan : A new arithmetical function and its asymptotic formula 33 A. Muktibodh, etc. : Sequences of pyramidal numbers 39 R. Zhang and S. Ma : An e±cient hybrid genetic algorithm for continuous optimization problems 46 L. Mao : An introduction to Smarandache multi-spaces and mathematical combinatorics 54 M. Selariu : Smarandache stepped functions 81 X. Zhang and Y. Zhang : Sequences of numbers with alternate common di®erences 93 Y. Zhang : On the near pseudo Smarandache function 98 A. Muktibodh : Smarandache mukti-squares 102...

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An original book focused on the anatomical features in halophytes from Romania. A very good tool for understanding the ecological value of adaptations in plants vegetating on saline habitats. It comprises 500 original photos taken on light microscope - all being original contribution. Coming with an English abstract. ...

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"Most of water on the earth is salty and yet most of the land is not. Over the millennia, salts have been washed from rocks and soils into the oceans where they have accumulated. Where the oceans meet the land then saline areas can form that have an unusual flora, one that tolerates salt concentrations lethal to most of our plant species. These salt-tolerant plants are called halophytes. Halophytes were recognised in the late 1700s, but it took a further hundred years or so before their scientific study began. Since then, there has been a small but steady increase in the numbers of scientific publications on the biochemistry, physiology, ecology and potential economic uses of halophytes. In recent years, the need to feed a burgeoning world population has focussed attention on limitations to agricultural production and the part halophytes might play in our ability to raise crops on saline soils. The saline fringes of the oceans constitute a small proportion of the world’s land surface and are not particularly important agriculturally. However, these saline fringes are not the only salt-affected soils on the world’s land surface. Sal...

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Falling body experiments have shown gravity is not an attraction. Analogous to rolling a snow ball in space, objects in the path would be picked up. The larger the snow ball grows, the tighter it gets. Matter and the force of union would be incorporated. Dust particles build sand, then rock, and so forth, along with gravity. The force, or energy, is trapped within the structure. All joined elements share this center aiming potential, gravity. The coalition of mass and energy forms an activity center of building structures and emerging of a plant....

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Gravity is not attraction. It is push, squeeze, or compression. The gathering of mases build a body and it's force of coalition, gravity. It might feel weak on an object. However, gravity center is the most intensive mass and energy center of a planet. The coalition of mass and energy forms an activity center of building structures and emerging of a plant....

Table of Contents Details
1 Introduction 2 Formation of Planet and Gravity 2.1 Nomad Planet and It’s Gravity 2.2 Rotation 2.3 Compressed Core 2.4 Electromagnetism 2.5 Bubble in Space 2.6 Growth and Development 3 Summary 4 Appendixes 4.1 Free Fall Test 4.2 Attraction and Tear 4.3 Magnetic Attraction 4.4 Inescapable Collision of Attraction 4.5 Paradoxes of Gravitational Attraction References...

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The original Books are a series of filly illustrated papers are about the subatomic world. Essentially about the energy found there and how this energy acts and reacts to form the very glue that holds the physical universe together. This is essentially an explanation of the mechanics of atomic formation, structure and linking. The papers have been split into Books primarily to keep the file sizes down to an acceptable level. This also apples to these supplementary papers. This is done to allow people with slow Internet access to easily download the files. It also means you can download just the parts you want to reference. There are seven Books in this primary series....

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MOVEMENT OF ENERGY In this section we are going to look in more detail on how this energy is passes between the subatomic world and the three dimension world. We look at the affects this has on the atomic structures of large atoms and the way this changes atomic interactions. Heat is a tipping effect of an atomic structure when it reaches an upper absorption limit of energy storage, where it has to expel this energy or break down and be destroyed. Heat is effect of this energy being pushed out of the atomic body into nearby atomic structures with a lower energy quotient. So how does energy move around, in Book 2 we saw how the primary energy nodes took and gave energy to each other by dynamic contact. When we got to strings, rings and atoms we saw how these semi-stable elements bonded to form a closed stable units. These units however are still reliant on the exchange on external energy to maintain an internal balance and interaction with each other....

Description Details
The original Books are a series of filly illustrated papers are about the subatomic world. Essentially about the energy found there and how this energy acts and reacts to form the very glue that holds the physical universe together. This is essentially an explanation of the mechanics of atomic formation, structure and linking. The papers have been split into Books primarily to keep the file sizes down to an acceptable level. This also apples to these supplementary papers. This is done to allow people with slow Internet access to easily download the files. It also means you can download just the parts you want to reference. There are seven Books in this primary series....

Excerpt Details
In this section we are going to look in more detail on how this energy is passes between the subatomic world and the three dimension world. We look at the affects this has on the atomic structures of large atoms and the way this changes atomic interactions. Heat is a tipping effect of an atomic structure when it reaches an upper absorption limit of energy storage, where it has to expel this energy or break down and be destroyed. Heat is effect of this energy being pushed out of the atomic body into nearby atomic structures with a lower energy quotient. So how does energy move around, in Book 2 we saw how the primary energy nodes took and gave energy to each other by dynamic contact. When we got to strings, rings and atoms we saw how these semi-stable elements bonded to form a closed stable units. These units however are still reliant on the exchange on external energy to maintain an internal balance and interaction with each other....

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Supplementary B - Energy And Heat In Section - Introduction - 1 Movement of Energy - 2 Energy Ring Vortex - 3 Transference of Energy to Atoms - 4 Energy Storage in Atoms - 5 Energy Altering Atoms Properties...

Description Details
The original Books are a series of filly illustrated papers are about the subatomic world. Essentially about the energy found there and how this energy acts and reacts to form the very glue that holds the physical universe together. This is essentially an explanation of the mechanics of atomic formation, structure and linking. The papers have been split into Books primarily to keep the file sizes down to an acceptable level. This also apples to these supplementary papers. This is done to allow people with slow Internet access to easily download the files. It also means you can download just the parts you want to reference. There are seven Books in this primary series....

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Here we have to focus down onto the planetary model and see how the vectors that produce gravity also produce the sub forces that we describe as Magnetism. Now any large body of atomic matter compresses itself by mutual attraction of the atomic structure of a collective of the atoms with in it. This bundle of energy attracts energy nodes from the surrounding Dark Energy cloud, it needs this energy to maintain its coherence or it will fall apart and be absorbed back into the cloud. As seen in Book 7 this attraction has a halo bubble where this force is active, however the attraction is offset by the emission of excess high energy particles being thrown out of the mass is it tries to loose energy....

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SUPPLEMENTARY A - WHY NORTH IS NORTH AND HOW MAGNETS WORK Introduction - 1 Gyroscopic Effect - 2 Particle Flow - 3 Magnetosphere Reversal - 4 Sub Atomic Particle Flow - 5 How Magnets Work - 6 Properties of Elements - 7 Atomic Core Stacking - 8 Iron Magnets - 9 Magnetic Lines of Force - 10 The elephant in the room - 11 Why Similar Magnetic Poles Repel - 12 Ferrous Or Non Ferrous - 13 Magnetic attraction...

Description Details
A series of filly illustrated papers are about the subatomic world. Essentially about the energy found there and how this energy acts and reacts to form the very glue that holds the physical universe together. This is essentially an explanation of the mechanics of atomic formation, structure and linking. It looks at how sub atomic particles form strings rings and then atoms. How simple atoms use two dimensional carriers to form large atoms and the ways atoms bond together into molecules, the foundations of all matter. The papers have been split into Books primarily to keep the file sizes down to an acceptable level, this allows people with slow Internet access to easily download the files. It also means you can download just the parts you want to reference. There are seven Books in this primary series....

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Gravity a short word for a big subject. Lets start by saying before reading this section you should have at least read book two of these papers about dark matter, energy and the creation of matter. To start with we must let go of the thought that gravity is a single thing like a big magnet. Gravity is in fact a combination of three forces that produce the effect that we call gravity. By gravity we generally mean the attraction of objects one to another. Although we have dealt with the elemental forces that created atoms in the previous Books, here we have to go back to the primary forces again. This time we see how they play out to create the massive amounts of energy to create matter and the forces that surround it....

Table of Contents Details
THE THREE FORCES OF GRAVITY In this book - 1. Energy Nodes - 2 Binary Strings - 3 Energy Balls - 4 The Energy Tree - 5 Binary Explosion - 6 Binary Breach - 7 Binary Ring - 8 Gravity - The First Component - The Second Component - The Third Component...

Description Details
A series of filly illustrated papers are about the subatomic world. Essentially about the energy found there and how this energy acts and reacts to form the very glue that holds the physical universe together. This is essentially an explanation of the mechanics of atomic formation, structure and linking. It looks at how sub atomic particles form strings rings and then atoms. How simple atoms use two dimensional carriers to form large atoms and the ways atoms bond together into molecules, the foundations of all matter. The papers have been split into Books primarily to keep the file sizes down to an acceptable level, this allows people with slow Internet access to easily download the files. It also means you can download just the parts you want to reference. There are seven Books in this primary series....

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Bonds formed by similar atoms tend to follow structural patterns where the atomic interface windows align with the atomic exit windows of each atom. This bonding will form a regular continuous pattern as the structure of the crystal is built up. By studying these crystalline patterns we can determine some of the positions of the atoms atomic windows. We will not be able to tell the size of these windows but give us a chance to work out the atomic interface angle....

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COMPLEX ATOMIC BOND FORMATIONS In this book - 1 Crystalline Formations - 2 Dissimilar Atomic Bonding - 3 Harmonics Bonding Range - 4 Split Harmonics - Split Ranges - 5 Special Bonding - Capture Bonding - Catalytic Bonding - 6 Bonding Decay - 7 Proximity...

Description Details
A series of filly illustrated papers are about the subatomic world. Essentially about the energy found there and how this energy acts and reacts to form the very glue that holds the physical universe together. This is essentially an explanation of the mechanics of atomic formation, structure and linking. It looks at how sub atomic particles form strings rings and then atoms. How simple atoms use two dimensional carriers to form large atoms and the ways atoms bond together into molecules, the foundations of all matter. The papers have been split into Books primarily to keep the file sizes down to an acceptable level, this allows people with slow Internet access to easily download the files. It also means you can download just the parts you want to reference. There are seven Books in this primary series....

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We have looked at the basic Sub Atomic Energy Rings and at how this particle combines to from the simple then complex Atoms but to be of any use these Atoms have to build, combine and react with each other to form molecules. For atoms to do this we must have a mechanism that will allow them to react with each other without destroying their internal structure. This process is at the heart of Sub Atomic Interface Bonding and to understand it we must begin by looking at the first part of the process, the initial Sub Atomic Interfacing....

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SUB MOLECULAR INTERFACE BONDING In this book - 1 Sub Atomic Interface Bonding - 2 Sub Atomic Interface - 3 Atom to Atom Bonding - 4 Forces Between Core Bonding ...

Description Details
A series of filly illustrated papers are about the subatomic world. Essentially about the energy found there and how this energy acts and reacts to form the very glue that holds the physical universe together. This is essentially an explanation of the mechanics of atomic formation, structure and linking. It looks at how sub atomic particles form strings rings and then atoms. How simple atoms use two dimensional carriers to form large atoms and the ways atoms bond together into molecules, the foundations of all matter. The papers have been split into Books primarily to keep the file sizes down to an acceptable level, this allows people with slow Internet access to easily download the files. It also means you can download just the parts you want to reference. There are seven Books in this primary series....

Excerpt Details
The newly formed atomic elements however need some mechanism to enable them to bond into molecules and make the next jump on to the evolutionary ladder. Something to allow atoms to essentially talk to each other. The thing that can do this is in fact the two dimensional sub atomic ring, the very thing that the atoms are made of. It is the dynamics of these sub atomic rings that make them the most interesting and most important part of the entire subatomic world. To understand this we must probe deeper into its various guises....

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PROPERTIES OF SUB ATOMIC RINGS In this book - 1 Properties of Sub Atomic Rings - 2 Dynamics of Rings - 3 Energy paths of Ring Movement - 4 Energy Ring Movement track - 5 Energy Decay in Rings...

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A series of filly illustrated papers are about the subatomic world. Essentially about the energy found there and how this energy acts and reacts to form the very glue that holds the physical universe together. This is essentially an explanation of the mechanics of atomic formation, structure and linking. It looks at how sub atomic particles form strings rings and then atoms. How simple atoms use two dimensional carriers to form large atoms and the ways atoms bond together into molecules, the foundations of all matter. The papers have been split into Books primarily to keep the file sizes down to an acceptable level, this allows people with slow Internet access to easily download the files. It also means you can download just the parts you want to reference. There are seven Books in this primary series....

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The new single is atom made up of two sub atomic particle rings, each ring comprising a number of energy nodes. If we look at the atom in detail we see it has a vortex pressure map giving the atom a small graviton pull. These forces are built up from the two vortex forces of the two particles rings which are locked together, the lowest pressure point being where the two faces of the gravitational vortex face each other. The small gate ring acts as a pressure valve against increasing and decreasing energy in the large or 'super' ring and becomes a one way gate preventing energy expanding down into the stretched negative end of the large ring. These forces within the locked atom try to rotate into the low pressure zone, this causes the whole structure into an offset rotation. This rotation causes a centrifugal force stretching the tail end of the large ring....

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FORMATION OF COMPLEX ATOMS In this book- 1 Formation of Complex Atoms - 2 Elemental Bonding - 3 Core to Core Bonding - 4 Structure of Complex Atoms - 5 Building the Atomic Core Stack...

Description Details
A series of filly illustrated papers are about the subatomic world. Essentially about the energy found there and how this energy acts and reacts to form the very glue that holds the physical universe together. This is essentially an explanation of the mechanics of atomic formation, structure and linking. It looks at how sub atomic particles form strings rings and then atoms. How simple atoms use two dimensional carriers to form large atoms and the ways atoms bond together into molecules, the foundations of all matter. The papers have been split into Books primarily to keep the file sizes down to an acceptable level, this allows people with slow Internet access to easily download the files. It also means you can download just the parts you want to reference. There are seven Books in this primary series....

Excerpt Details
Energy is strange stuff, it both exists and does not exist, it is both positive and negative at the same time, it can repel and attract simultaneously. Most importantly it expands under pressure and contracts with decompression. We use energy as a catchall term to describe anything that produces work changes state or transfers heat. This is energy at work, the result of atomic interactions. Basic energy however in its prime form is this mysterious substance Dark Matter. This is basically a cloud of energy nodes, each node too small to detect, also being there and not being there at the same time does not help. Collectively however these nodes have the ability to form into all the matter of the universe and to govern all the motions of gravity and physics there in. So now we have described energy let us look at the properties of an energy node for its properties govern everything else....

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Book 2 DARK MATTER DARK ENERGY STRINGS RINGS & ATOMS In this Book - 1 The Energy Node -2 The Aura Boundary - 3 Disproportionate Fields - 4 The Maths Bit - 5 The Edge Of Time - 6 Chaos And Strings - 7 High Energy - 8 Strings - 9 Rings - 10 The Third Dimension...

Description Details
A series of filly illustrated papers are about the subatomic world. Essentially about the energy found there and how this energy acts and reacts to form the very glue that holds the physical universe together. This is essentially an explanation of the mechanics of atomic formation, structure and linking. It looks at how sub atomic particles form strings rings and then atoms. How simple atoms use two dimensional carriers to form large atoms and the ways atoms bond together into molecules, the foundations of all matter. The papers have been split into Books primarily to keep the file sizes down to an acceptable level, this allows people with slow Internet access to easily download the files. It also means you can download just the parts you want to reference. There are seven Books in this primary series....

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INTRODUCTION AND FULL PROJECT INDEX By way of an introduction to these papers I want to begin by trying to give the reader some basic idea of energy because basically that what these papers are all about. We are all familiar with energy after all it comes out of the electricity socket in the wall, it runs the television, powers the computer and lights, as liquid petrol it runs the car, even as heat from the sun it warms the beach in summer. But this is energy at work, to begin at the beginning we must first have a picture in our minds eye as energy as an entity on its own, something outside our normal perception of stuff. Following this are six pages forming an index to the whole set of six Books....

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In this Book - 1 Introduction - 2 Introduction to energy. - 3. Complete index all to Books in this series - 4 About Author and Contact details.

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Falling body experiments have shown us the gravitational acceleration is independent of composition, shape, size, and distance. However, attracting acceleration is dependent on composition, shape, size, and distance. Therefore: Gravity is not an attraction. Gravity is a contact force of all elements moving toward a target in uniform acceleration regardless of their differences in composition, shape, size, and distance. As any force, gravity can not exist without mass. It has to be built by mass and it's momentum in the process of growing body. Only head-on congregation from gentle pairing to high speed collision can build such one way potential toward a common center. It is built together with the mass. The gathering coalesces structure, increases it size, and binding force of gravity. It is push, squeeze, or compression, but attraction or pull. A concentrative potential of all joined elements. Objects move to minimum contact field would lost their concentrative potential and experience micro gravity or weightlessness....

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Gravitational acceleration is independent of composition, shape, size, and distance. However, attracting is dependent on composition, shape, size, and distance. Therefore: Gravity is not a force of attraction. It is a contact force of all elements moving toward a target in uniform acceleration regardless of their differences in composition, shape, size, and distance; a concentrative potential. Objects move to minimum contact field would lost their concentrative potential and experience micro gravity or weightlessness....

Table of Contents Details
1 Introduction 2 Free Fall Test 3 Attraction and Tear 4 Magnetic Attraction 5 Inescapable Collision of Attraction 6 Summary References

Description Details
Falling body experiments have shown gravity is not an attraction. Analogous to rolling a snow ball in space, objects in the path would be picked up. The larger the snow ball grows, the tighter it gets. Matter and the force of union would be incorporated. Dust particles build sand, then rock, and so forth, along with gravity. The force, or energy, is trapped within the structure. All joined elements share this center aiming potential, gravity. The coalition of mass and energy forms an activity center of building structures and emerging of a plant. ...

Excerpt Details
Gravity is not attraction. It is push, squeeze, or compression. The gathering of mases build a body and it's force of coalition, gravity. It might feel weak on an object. However, gravity center is the most intensive mass and energy center of a planet. The coalition of mass and energy forms an activity center of building structures and emerging of a plant....

Table of Contents Details
1 Introduction 2 Formation of Planet and Gravity 2.1 Nomad Planet and It’s Gravity 2.2 Rotation 2.3 Compressed Core 2.4 Electromagnetism 2.5 Bubble in Space 2.6 Growth and Development 3 Summary 4 Appendixes 4.1 Free Fall Test 4.2 Attraction and Tear 4.3 Magnetic Attraction 4.4 Inescapable Collision of Attraction 4.5 Paradoxes of Gravitational Attraction References...

Description Details
Falling body experiments have shown us the gravitational acceleration is independent of composition, shape, size, and distance. However, attracting acceleration is dependent on composition, shape, size, and distance. Therefore: Gravity is not an attraction. Gravity is a contact force of all elements moving toward a target in uniform acceleration regardless of their differences in composition, shape, size, and distance. As any force, gravity can not exist without mass. It has to be built by mass and it's momentum in the process of growing body. Only head-on congregation from gentle pairing to high speed collision can build such one way potential toward a common center. It is built together with the mass. The gathering coalesces structure, increases it size, and binding force of gravity. It is push, squeeze, or compression, but attraction or pull. A concentrative potential of all joined elements. Objects move to minimum contact field would lost their concentrative potential and experience micro gravity or weightlessness....

Excerpt Details
Gravitational acceleration is independent of composition, shape, size, and distance. However, attracting is dependent on composition, shape, size, and distance. Therefore: Gravity is not a force of attraction. It is a contact force of all elements moving toward a target in uniform acceleration regardless of their differences in composition, shape, size, and distance; a concentrative potential. Objects move to minimum contact field would lost their concentrative potential and experience micro gravity or weightlessness....

Table of Contents Details
1 Introduction 2 Free Fall Test 3 Attraction and Tear 4 Magnetic Attraction 5 Inescapable Collision of Attraction 6 Summary References

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Documentary of Project Home 2011 scientific research 1979 - 2011

Table of Contents Details
1- Introduction 3- Abstract 4- Objective of Project Home 2011 6- Technology developed in Project Home 2011 7- Project Home 2011 new theory of the big bang 10- Project Home 2011 research colleague John Obik- A brief history 14- Project Home 2011 research colleague Matthew Mitchel Urquhart- A brief history 19- News articles and publications 22- Post-Project Home 2011 scientific research work and accomplishments 24- Post Project Home 2011 successful bridge destruction and post-Project Home 2011 work completion if 2015 ...

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Viewing the random motion, an observer might think it is 50-50 chances that an object would move toward or away. It might be intuitive, however, it is far from the truth. This study derives the probability function of blueshift vs. redshift effect of signal detection....

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Doppler blueshift detection is terminal event. It will terminate and switch to redshift at zero meridian. On the other hand, redshift could continue beyond the limit of observation. This natural of Doppler effect makes redshift highly dominating in all observations. The probability function of blueshift is the risk of collision. It is also the chance to interact in dynamics. I believe it can be use to study risk vs. survival, navigation, dynamic interaction, and other applications....

Table of Contents Details
1 Introduction 2 Creation of Doppler Effect 3 Mathematical Model of Blueshift Detection in Space 4 Probability Function of Blueshift Detection 5 Probability Distribution of Blueshift Detection 6 Underlying Conditions 7 Probability Function in Surface Observation 8 Probability Function in Linear Observation 9 Summary 10 Appendixes I - Accumulated Probability Distribution 11 Appendixes II - Cross-Check with Redshift Survey...

Description Details
Viewing the random motion, an observer might think it is 50-50 chances that an object would move toward or away. It might be intuitive, however, it is far from the truth. This study derives the probability function of blueshift vs. redshift effect of signal detection. ...

Excerpt Details
Doppler blueshift detection is terminal event. It will terminate and switch to redshift at zero meridian. On the other hand, redshift could continue beyond the limit of observation. This natural of Doppler effect makes redshift highly dominating in all observations. The probability function of blueshift is the risk of collision. It is also the chance to interact in dynamics. I believe it can be use to study risk vs. survival, navigation, dynamic interaction, and other applications....

Table of Contents Details
1 Introduction 2 Creation of Doppler Effect 3 Mathematical Model of Blueshift Detection in Space 4 Probability Function of Blueshift Detection 5 Probability Distribution of Blueshift Detection 6 Underlying Conditions 7 Probability Function in Surface Observation 8 Probability Function in Linear Observation 9 Summary 10 Appendixes I - Accumulated Probability Distribution 11 Appendixes II - Cross-Check with Redshift Survey References...