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Succinyl-Coenzyme A, abbreviated as Succinyl-CoA or SucCoA, is a combination of succinic acid and coenzyme A.
It is an important intermediate in the citric acid cycle, where it is synthesized from α-Ketoglutarate by α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase through decarboxylation. During the process, coenzyme A is added.
With B12 as an enzymatic cofactor, it is also synthesized from propionyl CoA, the odd-numbered fatty acid, which cannot undergo beta-oxidation.[1] Propionyl-CoA is carboxylated to D-methylmalonyl-CoA, isomerized to L-methylmalonyl-CoA, and rearranged to yield succinyl-CoA via a vitamin B12-dependent enzyme. Succinyl-CoA is an intermediate of the citric acid cycle and can be readily incorporated there.
It is converted into succinate through the hydrolytic release of coenzyme A by succinyl-CoA synthetase (succinate thiokinase).
Another fate of succinyl-CoA is porphyrin synthesis, where succinyl-CoA and glycine are combined by ALA synthase to form δ-aminolevulinic acid (dALA).
Succinyl CoA can be formed from methylmalonyl CoA through the utilization of deoxyadenosyl-B12 (deoxyadenosylcobalamin) by the enzyme methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. This reaction, which requires vitamin B12 as a cofactor, is important in the catabolism of some branched-chain amino acids as well as odd-chain fatty acids.
Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles. [§ 1]
Cobalt, Bacteria, Cyanide, Cyanocobalamin, Methylcobalamin
Urea cycle, Glutamate, Nitrogen, Gaba, Nature
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Enzyme Commission number, Metabolism, Succinyl-CoA, Branched chain aminotransferase, Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex
Metabolism, Enzyme Commission number, Brenda, PubMed, National Center for Biotechnology Information
Valine, Methylmalonyl-CoA, Alpha-ketobutyric acid, Urea cycle, Biochemistry