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Archduke Maximilian Joseph of Austria-Este (July 14, 1782 – June 1, 1863), the fourth son of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este and younger brother of Francis IV, Duke of Modena. He was grand master of the Teutonic Knights from 1835 to 1863.
Born in Modena, Maximilian was the son of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria (son of Maria Theresa of Austria and governor of Italy) and Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d'Este. He spent his youth in Monza, where his family had fled after the French invasion of the Duchy of Modena. After staying in Verona, Padua, Trieste and Ljubljana, his family moved in Wiener Neustadt.
In 1801 he joined the Teutonic Order, obtaining the Austrian Cross in 1804. After studying in the Collegium Teresianum of Wiener Neustadt, he was named Major General in the Austrian Army (1805). In 1809 he fought in Germany against the French; he clashed with the Napoleonic troops at Regensburg, leading his army towards Linz. In 1819 he was elected a Royal Fellow of the Royal Society.[1]
In 1830 Maximilian established himself in the Ebenzweier Castle, near Altmünster am Traunsee, while from 1831 to 1839 he lived in Linz. In 1835 he was named Grand Master of the Teutonic Order.
Maximilian erected several fortifications in the Austrian possessions in Italy, such as the Torri Massimiliane of Verona and the Torre Massimiliana of Venice.
He died in 1863 in the Ebenzweier castle. He is buried in Altmünster.
France, Spain, Sweden, Battle of Waterloo, Netherlands
Milan, Hungary, Maria Beatrice of Savoy, Nobility, Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este
Slovenia, Vienna, Zagreb, Germany, Italy
Austria, Vienna, Germany, Upper Austria, Turkey
Italy, Veneto, Renaissance, Piazza San Marco, Murano
Vienna, Francis IV, Duke of Modena, Francis IV of Modena, Maria Beatrice of Savoy, Modena
Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor, Vienna, House of Luxembourg, House of Habsburg, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, Archduke Maximilian Ernest of Austria, Archduke Maximilian Francis of Austria, Maximilian I of Mexico, Archduke Maximilian of Austria-Este
Latin, Republic of Venice, Lutheranism, Duke Frederick of Saxony, Pope
Vienna, Schönbrunn Palace, Napoleonic Wars, Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d'Este, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor