The Association of Surfing Professionals (ASP) is the governing body for professional surfers and is dedicated to showcasing the world’s best talent in a variety of progressive formats.[1]
History
Predecessors to the ASP
- 1964 to 1972, International Surfing Federation (ISF) held the World Surfing Championships as a single event every two years and was open to all comers.
- 1973 to 1975, Smirnoff World Pro-Am Surfing Championships, occasionally referred to as the defacto professional world championship because the International Surfing Federation had been unable to establish a format or sponsorship so no official amateur championships were held between 1973 and 1975.
- 1976 to 1982, International Professional Surfers (IPS) was the original world governing body of professional surfing.
The predecessors of the ASP relates to what organization predominantly represented individual professional surfers at that time. This is an important point because the International Surfing Federation (ISF) still functions to this day as the International Surfing Association (ISA) and also refers to competition winners as world champions (or variants thereof).[2][3]
Creation of the ASP
Ian Cairns watched the demise of the IPS commence throughout 1982 and saw an opportunity. In January 1983, Cairns launched the ASP and lured the world circuit organizers to the new organization, which effectively pushed aside the IPS who were left to operate only the Hawaiian pro events. By December 1984, the ASP had sanctioned the IPS controlled Pipeline Masters as a specialty event available to ASP members to enter for the first time.[4] The ASP has remained the predominant surfing organization and sanctioning body for professional surfers since its formation.
The ASP's first world champions were Tom Carroll (men's) and Kim Mearig (women's) in 1983.
ASP Membership
Membership to the ASP is only available to individuals.[5]
ASP Sanctioned Tours
- ASP World Tour (consisting of ASP World Title Race, ASP PRIME and ASP Star events);
- ASP Women’s World Tour (consisting of ASP World Title Race and ASP Star events);
- ASP World Longboard Tour
- ASP Women’s World Longboard Tour and
- ASP World Junior Tour.[6][7]
ASP World Title Race
The ASP World Title Race is used to determine the ASP World Title and the ASP Women’s World Title. The winner is referred to as the ASP World Tour Champion.[8]
In 2012, the ASP World Title is given to the surfer with the most accumulated points from their respective best 8 results from the 10 ASP World Tour events (ASP Prime and Star events excluded).[9][10]
In 2012, the ASP Women’s World Title is given to the surfer with the most accumulated points from their respective best 6 results from the 7 ASP Women’s World Tour events (ASP Star Events excluded).[9]
ASP World Tour & ASP Women's World Tour
The ASP World Tour is the men's elite competition consisting of the best 34 professional surfers competing in 10 events (as of 2012).[9][11]
The ASP Women's World Tour is the women's elite competition consisting of the best 17 professional surfers competing in 7 events (as of 2012).[9][11]
Event results are converted to points and count towards the ASP World Title Race and the ultimate prize of being called the ASP World Tour Champion.
ASP Prime & ASP Star events
An ASP Prime event is held at premium venues with a restricted field and offers Prime ASP World Rankings points.[12]
An ASP Star event is a lower level of competition, compared to an ASP Prime event, with their importance indicated by how many stars they are assigned: more stars means generally better competition and prize money.[12]
ASP World Ranking
ASP World Tour and ASP Women's World Tour surfers accumulate points from each ASP World Tour, ASP Prime (ASP World Tour only) and ASP Star event they compete in which count towards their ASP World Ranking. Accumulated points are valid for 12 months from the final date of the scheduled event in which they were earned.[12]
Promotion & Relegation
ASP World Ranking determines the promotion or relegation of surfers.
2012 Tours
The qualifiers for the 2012 ASP World Tour top 34 surfers was determined using a Rotation Points system.[12]
The qualifiers for the 2012 ASP Women's World Tour was determined by a surfer's rank at the conclusion of the 2011 Tour. The top 10 re-qualified for 2012 and the remaining 7 places were taken from the ASP Star Ranking.[12]
2013 Tours
The qualifiers for the 2013 ASP World Tour top 34 surfers will consist of:
- Top 22 surfers from 2012 ASP World Title Rankings;
- Top 10 surfers from 2012 ASP World Rankings (those who haven’t already qualified in the above) and
- 2 ASP wildcards.
Source
Rules
Judging
In contests surfers will be scored on a scale of 0.1 to 10.0, these scores will be broken up into increments of one-tenth.
The following scale can be use in order to relate descriptions with the score:
- 0–1.9 = Poor
- 2.0–3.9 = Fair
- 4.0–5.9 = Average;
- 6.0–7.9 = Good
- 8.0–10.0 = Excellent
Judging criteria
Judges will base the previous score on how successfully surfers display these following elements in each wave:
- Commitment and degree of difficulty
- Innovative and progressive maneuvers
- Combination of major maneuvers
- Variety of maneuvers
- Speed, power and flow
These elements may be weighted differently from day to day and event to event, depending upon on the surfing conditions and the type of breaking wave at each event location. This criterion is different than in longboarding competitions. All of this is focused on creating some type consistency that can be seen throughout the many different events.[13]
The events themselves are previously declared 1-6 star events; among other things this ranking shows what numbers of judges which are required at the event. A 1-3 star events are required to have a six judge panel with four judges on each heat. A 4-6 Star event requires seven judges with five of those judges on each heat. At 5-6 star events and prime events there is only allowed to be 3 judges from any one region. This is then limited to two at any world title events. All events also require an ASP approved head judge who has the ability to make corrections to errors or any other events that may have affected the results.[14]
Rules
There are many rules out in the water which all revolve around the idea of right of way. A surfer has right of way if he or she is closer to the area where the wave is breaking, this is more commonly referred to as having the inside position. If another surfer takes off in front of the surfer which has the inside position then interference will be called and penalties will be enacted. In most circumstances it does not matter who stood up first but who has the inside position.[14]
A surfer can also be found guilty of inference if they catch more than their maximum amount of waves in a heat and that this takes away from the other competitors ability to catch waves. A competitor is also not allowed to interfere with another competitor’s paddling and maneuvering for a wave.[14]
The rules of right-a-way vary slightly with the type of break. Point Breaks will always have a consistent direct of what is inside, that is the person further up the line will have right-away. In a single peak situation where there is both a left and a right two people are able to be on the wave at the same time provided that one goes left and one goes right and that neither crosses the path of the other to go one direction. If this does happen then the surfer who stood up first will get the right-a-way. On a multi peaked wave where the wave eventually comes together both peaks can be surfed until the surfers come together, when they do the surfer who stood up first has right-a-way and the other must maneuver to get off the wave without interrupting the other surfer.[14]
In a one-on-one competition priority can be declared by the Head Judge. Once the person with priority has paddled for a wave priority is then turned over to the next person until that person does the same. The person with second priority can paddle for waves as long as it does not interfere with the other person who will lose their priority only if they catch a wave.[14]
A surfer who has already taken off or obtained possession of a wave maintains this position until the end of their ride. If another surfer takes off on the inside of this surfer then this person does not obtain priority and is considered to be snaking. If this surfer does not hurt the other surfers ride then both people can be scored based. If the judges de/atermine that the snaking did interfere then the person will be penalized.
Interference penalties are called by the judges and must have a majority to be declared an actual penalty. Interferences are shown as triangles on the score cards in various different ways depending on when or where in the heat they were made. If three or more waves are being scored then one wave will be dropped off the score card. If only the top two waves are being scored then 50% of the second best scored wave will be taken off. If a surfer has more than one then 50% of the best waves score will be taken off also. The surfer who has been interfered with will be allowed an additional wave to their maximum as long as it is within the time limit. If a surfer interferes more than twice in a heat then they must leave the competition area.[14]
ASP World Tour Champions
Source
| Year
|
ASP World Tour[15][16] |
ASP Women's World Tour[16][17]
|
| Name
|
Points |
Name
|
Points
|
| 2013
|
|
|
|
59,500
|
| 2012
|
 Joel Parkinson[1] (AUS)
|
58,700
|
Stephanie Gilmore[5] (AUS)
|
48,400
|
| 2011
|
 Kelly Slater[11] (USA)
|
68,100
|
|
55,000
|
| 2010
|
Kelly Slater[10] (USA)
|
69,000
|
Stephanie Gilmore[4] (AUS)
|
7,284
|
| 2009
|
Mick Fanning [2] (AUS)
|
7,140
|
Stephanie Gilmore[3] (AUS)
|
6,169
|
| 2008
|
Kelly Slater[9] (USA)
|
8,042
|
Stephanie Gilmore[2] (AUS)
|
7,188
|
| 2007
|
Mick Fanning (AUS)
|
8,136
|
Stephanie Gilmore[1] (AUS)
|
6,708
|
| 2006
|
Kelly Slater [8] (USA)
|
8,124
|
Layne Beachley[7] (AUS)
|
6,374
|
| 2005
|
Kelly Slater [7] (USA)
|
7,962
|
Chelsea Georgeson (AUS)
|
7,080
|
| 2004
|
|
7,824
|
 Sofia Mulanovich (PER)
|
5,484
|
| 2003
|
|
8,964
|
Layne Beachley [6] (AUS)
|
3,696
|
| 2002
|
|
8,102
|
Layne Beachley [5] (AUS)
|
3,200
|
| 2001
|
C. J. Hobgood (USA)
|
3,094
|
Layne Beachley [4] (AUS)
|
1,760
|
| 2000
|
|
7,270
|
Layne Beachley [3] (AUS)
|
5,730
|
| 1999
|
Mark Occhilupo (AUS)
|
7,120
|
Layne Beachley [2] (AUS)
|
8,080
|
| 1998
|
Kelly Slater [6] (USA)
|
6,398
|
Layne Beachley (AUS)
|
7,920
|
| 1997
|
Kelly Slater [5] (USA)
|
8,260
|
Lisa Andersen[4] (USA)
|
8,520
|
| 1996
|
Kelly Slater [4] (USA)
|
9,540
|
Lisa Andersen[3] (USA)
|
12,750
|
| 1995
|
Kelly Slater [3] (USA)
|
6,040
|
Lisa Andersen [2] (USA)
|
12,920
|
| 1994
|
Kelly Slater [2] (USA)
|
6,660
|
Lisa Andersen (USA)
|
7,650
|
| 1993
|
|
5,510
|
Pauline Menczer (AUS)
|
7,080
|
| 1992
|
Kelly Slater (USA)
|
7,765
|
Wendy Botha [4] (AUS)
|
10,205
|
| 1991
|
Damien Hardman [2] (AUS)
|
12,854
|
Wendy Botha [3] (AUS)
|
7,424
|
| 1990
|
Tom Curren [3] (USA)
|
17,612
|
Pam Burridge (AUS)
|
14,440
|
| 1989
|
 Martin Potter (UK)
|
20,665
|
Wendy Botha [2] (AUS)
|
14,380
|
| 1988
|
Barton Lynch (AUS)
|
17,475
|
Freida Zamba [4] (USA)
|
7,960
|
| 1987/88
|
Damien Hardman (AUS)
|
13,690
|
 Wendy Botha (RSA)
|
8,220
|
| 1986/87
|
Tom Curren [2] (USA)
|
13,115
|
Freida Zamba [3] (USA)
|
9,230
|
| 1985/86
|
Tom Curren (USA)
|
11,490
|
Freida Zamba [2] (USA)
|
5,320
|
| 1984/85
|
Tom Carroll[2] (AUS)
|
9,460.38
|
Freida Zamba (USA)
|
3,400
|
| 1983/84
|
Tom Carroll (AUS)
|
6,830
|
Kim Mearig (USA)
|
3,125
|
| IPS World Circuit
|
| 1982
|
Mark Richards [5] (AUS)
|
6,917
|
Debbie Beacham (USA)
|
3,059.14
|
| 1981
|
Mark Richards [4] (AUS)
|
6,211.52
|
|
3,850
|
| 1980
|
Mark Richards [3] (AUS)
|
6,890
|
|
2,000
|
| 1979
|
Mark Richards [2] (AUS)
|
6,781.14
|
|
3,722.50
|
| 1978
|
Wayne Bartholomew (AUS)
|
5,749.25
|
|
3,986.14
|
| 1977
|
Shaun Tomson (RSA)
|
5,948.3
|
|
4,850
|
| 1976
|
Peter Townend (AUS)
|
5,593
|
–
|
–
|
| Smirnoff World Pro-Am Surfing Championships
|
| 1975
|
Mark Richards (AUS)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 1974
|
Reno Abellira (USA)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 1973
|
Ian Cairns (AUS)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| ISF World Surfing Championships
|
| 1972 - San Diego, USA
|
James Blears (USA)
|
–
|
Sharon Webber (USA)
|
–
|
| 1970 - Torquay / Lorne / Johanna, AUS
|
Rolf Aurness (USA)
|
–
|
Sharon Webber (USA)
|
–
|
| 1968 - Rincon, Puerto Rico, PR
|
Fred Hemmings (USA)
|
–
|
Margo Godfrey (USA)
|
–
|
| 1966 - San Diego, USA
|
Nat Young (AUS)
|
–
|
Joyce Hoffman (USA)
|
–
|
| 1965 - Punta Rocas, Peru
|
Felipe Pomar (PER)
|
–
|
Joyce Hoffman (USA)
|
–
|
| 1964 - Manly, AUS
|
Midget Farrelly (AUS)
|
–
|
Phyllis O'Donnell (AUS)
|
–
|
ASP World Longboard Tour Champions
Source
| Year
|
ASP World Longboard Tour[7][18][19][20]
|
ASP Women’s World Longboard Tour[7][18][19][20]
|
| Name
|
Points
|
Name
|
Points
|
| 2011
|
Taylor Jensen (USA)
|
16,000
|
Lindsay Steinriede (USA)
|
15,200
|
| 2010
|
|
–
|
Cori Schumacher (USA)
|
–
|
| 2009
|
Harley Ingleby (AUS)
|
–
|
Jennifer Smith[2] (USA)
|
–
|
| 2008
|
|
–
|
|
–
|
| 2007
|
 Phil Rajzman (BRA)
|
–
|
Jennifer Smith (USA)
|
–
|
| 2006
|
Josh Constable (AUS)
|
–
|
Schuyler McFerran (USA)
|
–
|
| 2004
|
Joel Tudor [2] (USA)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 2003
|
Beau Young [2] (AUS)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 2002
|
Colin McPhillips [3] (USA)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 2001
|
Colin McPhillips [2] (USA)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 2000
|
Beau Young (AUS)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 1999
|
Colin McPhillips (USA)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 1998
|
Joel Tudor (USA)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 1997
|
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 1996
|
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 1995
|
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 1994
|
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 1993
|
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 1992
|
Joey Hawkins (USA)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 1991
|
Martin McMillan (AUS)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 1990
|
Nat Young [4] (AUS)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 1989
|
Nat Young [3] (AUS)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 1988
|
Nat Young [2] (AUS)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 1987/88
|
Stuart Entwistle (AUS)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
| 1986/87
|
Nat Young (AUS)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
Multiple World Championships
Source
Qualifier for list is to hold a minimum of 2 world championship titles across the cateogories.[19]
Calculations include world championship titles outside of the ASP as discussed in Predecessors to the ASP section.
See also
References
External links
ASP Women's World Championship Tour |
|---|
| ASP Women's World Tour | | | Women's Tour | |
|---|
|
ASP Men's World Championship Tour |
|---|
| 2013 ASP World Tour | | | Men's Tour | |
|---|
|
Coordinates: 51°26′44″N 3°41′02″E / 51.44556°N 3.68389°E / 51.44556; 3.68389
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