Emmanouil Tsouderos

Emmanouil Tsouderos (Greek: Εμμανουήλ Τσουδερός, also transliterated as Emmanuel Tsuderos; 1882–1956) was a political and financial figure of Greece. During World War II he served briefly as Prime Minister of Greece in 1941 and afterwards as Prime Minister in the Greek government in exile (1941–1944).

Early life and studies 1
Career in politics 2
Prime minister 3
References 4

Early life and studies

Emmanuel Tsouderos was born in 1882 in Rethymno in Crete (then part of the Ottoman Empire). He studied law at Athens University, and economics in Paris and London.^[1]

Career in politics

He returned to Crete aged 24, and was elected Member of Parliament of the Cretan Legislature (1906–1912), when Crete had autonomous status under the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire and was under the protection of Russia, Britain, France and Italy.

After the union of Crete with Greece in December 1913, he was elected to the Hellenic Parliament, and served as Minister of Transportation under Eleftherios Venizelos, and Minister of Finances under Themistoklis Sophoulis.

In 1928, when the Central Bank of Greece was established, Tsuderos was appointed its first vice-Governor, and in 1931 its Governor.^[2]

Prime minister

In 1941 during World War II the Greek Prime Minister King George II to Crete, where he organised Greek forces to face the coming German invasion.

Tsouderos fled again during the Battle of Crete. He went to the Middle East and later Egypt. Tsouderos headed the Greek government in exile from 29 April 1941 until 13 April 1944. This government was initially located in London, but subsequently moved to Cairo. He served in the subsequent government in exile under Sofoklis Venizelos.

After the end of World War II Tsouderos served in different capacities, until his death at the age of 74 in Nervi, Genoa, Italy on February 10, 1956.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b "M.Tsouderos War-Time Premier Of Greece Obituary". The Times (London). February 11, 1956. pp. 9; Issue 53452; col C. Retrieved 2008-06-29.
^ Bank of Greece

Political offices
Preceded by Alexandros Koryzis	Prime Minister of Greece 21–29 April 1941	Succeeded by occupation government)
Preceded by himself as head of Athens government	Prime Minister of Greece (government-in-exile) 29 April 1941 – 13 April 1944	Succeeded by Sofoklis Venizelos

Heads of government of Greece

First Hellenic Republic (1822–1832)	Mavrokordatos P. Mavromichalis Kountouriotis And. Zaimis I. Kapodistrias A. Kapodistrias

Kingdom of Greece (Wittelsbach) (1833–1862)	Sp. Trikoupis Mavrokordatos Kolettis von Armansperg von Rudhart King Otto Mavrokordatos King Otto A. Metaxas Kanaris Mavrokordatos Kolettis Tzavelas Kountouriotis Kanaris Kriezis Mavrokordatos D. Voulgaris Miaoulis Kolokotronis

Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg) (1863–1924)	D. Voulgaris Moraitinis Z. Valvis Kyriakos Roufos D. Voulgaris Kanaris Z. Valvis Kanaris Koumoundouros Deligeorgis Roufos D. Voulgaris Koumoundouros Moraitinis D. Voulgaris Thr. Zaimis Deligeorgis Koumoundouros Thr. Zaimis D. Voulgaris Deligeorgis D. Voulgaris Ch. Trikoupis Koumoundouros Deligeorgis Koumoundouros Deligeorgis Koumoundouros Kanaris Koumoundouros Ch. Trikoupis Koumoundouros Ch. Trikoupis Koumoundouros Ch. Trikoupis Th. Deligiannis D. Valvis Ch. Trikoupis Th. Deligiannis Konstantopoulos Ch. Trikoupis Sotiropoulos Ch. Trikoupis N. Deligiannis Th. Deligiannis D. Rallis Al. Zaimis G. Theotokis Al. Zaimis Th. Deligiannis G. Theotokis D. Rallis G. Theotokis Th. Deligiannis D. Rallis G. Theotokis D. Rallis K. Mavromichalis Dragoumis El. Venizelos Gounaris El. Venizelos Al. Zaimis Skouloudis Al. Zaimis Kalogeropoulos El. Venizelos² Lambros Al. Zaimis El. Venizelos D. Rallis Kalogeropoulos Gounaris Stratos Protopapadakis Triantafyllakos Charalambis Krokidas Gonatas El. Venizelos Kafantaris

Second Hellenic Republic (1924–1935)	Papanastasiou Sofoulis Michalakopoulos Pangalos¹ Eftaxias¹ Kondylis³ Al. Zaimis El. Venizelos Papanastasiou El. Venizelos P. Tsaldaris El. Venizelos Othonaios³ P. Tsaldaris

Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg) (1935–1973/4)	Kondylis¹ Demertzis I. Metaxas¹ Koryzis Tsouderos² Tsolakoglou⁴ Logothetopoulos⁴ I. Rallis⁴ Bakirtzis² S. Venizelos² Svolos² G. Papandreou (Sr.) Plastiras P. Voulgaris Archbishop Damaskinos Kanellopoulos Sofoulis Poulitsas³ K. Tsaldaris Maximos K. Tsaldaris Sofoulis Vafiadis² Zachariadis² Partsalidis² Diomidis I. Theotokis³ S. Venizelos Plastiras S. Venizelos Plastiras Kiousopoulos³ Papagos K. Karamanlis (Sr.) Georgakopoulos³ K. Karamanlis (Sr.) Dovas³ K. Karamanlis (Sr.) Pipinelis Sty. Mavromichalis³ G. Papandreou (Sr.) Paraskevopoulos³ G. Papandreou (Sr.) Novas Tsirimokos Stefanopoulos Paraskevopoulos³ Kanellopoulos³

Military Junta (1967–1974)	Kollias¹ Papadopoulos¹ Markezinis¹ Androutsopoulos¹

Third Hellenic Republic (since 1974)	K. Karamanlis (Sr.) G. Rallis A. Papandreou Tzannetakis Grivas³ Zolotas Mitsotakis A. Papandreou Simitis K. Karamanlis (Jr.) G. Papandreou (Jr.) Papademos³ Pikrammenos³ Samaras Tsipras Thanou³ Tsipras

¹Head of military/dictatorial government. ²Head of rival government not controlling Athens. ³Head of emergency or caretaker government. ⁴Head of collaborationist government during the Axis occupation (1941–44).

Foreign Ministers of Greece

First Hellenic Republic (1822–1832)	Negris^§ Al. Mavrokordatos^§ Glarakis^§ Sp. Trikoupis^§^†

Kingdom of Greece (Wittelsbach) (1833–1862)	Sp. Trikoupis Al. Mavrokordatos Rizos-Neroulos von Rudhart Zografos Paikos Christidis Rizos-Neroulos P. Deligiannis A. Metaxas Mansolas Sp. Trikoupis Kolettis Tzavelas Kolettis Tzavelas Mansolas Kolokotronis Londos Glarakis Londos P. Deligiannis Paikos Argyropoulos Al. Mavrokordatos Sp. Trikoupis Rangavis Palamidis Thr. Zaimis Krestenitis Papalexopoulos Christopoulos Theocharis

Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg) (1863–1924)	Diamantopoulos Kalligas D. Mavrokordatos Th. Deligiannis Kalligas P. Deligiannis Th. Deligiannis Kalligas Th. Deligiannis Boudouris Vrailas-Armenis Deligeorgis Christopoulos Koumoundouros Deligeorgis Valasopoulos Valaoritis Deligeorgis Ch. Trikoupis P. Deligiannis Th. Deligiannis Valaoritis Deligeorgis Christopoulos Thr. Zaimis D. Voulgaris Spiliotakis I. Deligiannis Ch. Trikoupis Kontostavlos Deligeorgis Kontostavlos Deligeorgis Koumoundouros Ch. Trikoupis Th. Deligiannis Ch. Trikoupis Th. Deligiannis Ch. Trikoupis Koumoundouros Rikakis Ch. Trikoupis Koumoundouros Th. Deligiannis Louriotis S. Dragoumis L. Deligiorgis Meletopoulos S. Dragoumis Kontostavlos N. Deligiannis Skouzes Skouloudis Al. Zaimis Romanos Al. Zaimis Skouzes G. Theotokis D. Rallis Romanos Skouzes Baltatzis Christakis-Zografos Mavromichalis Kallergis Gryparis Koromilas Panas Streit El. Venizelos Christakis-Zografos Gounaris El. Venizelos Al. Zaimis Skouloudis Al. Zaimis Karapanos Zalokostas Al. Zaimis Politis D. Rallis Kalogeropoulos Baltatzis Stratos Baltatzis Kalogeropoulos Papanastasiou

Second Hellenic Republic (1924–1935)	Roussos Rendis Roussos Michalakopoulos Hatzikyriakos Rendis Hatzikyriakos Kanakaris-Roufos Argyropoulos Michalakopoulos Karapanos Argyropoulos Michalakopoulos Papanastasiou Michalakopoulos I. Rallis Michalakopoulos Mavroudis Maximos P. Tsaldaris Maximos P. Tsaldaris Maximos I. Theotokis

Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg) (1935–1973/4)	Demertzis I. Metaxas Koryzis Tsouderos G. Papandreou (Sr.) Sofianopoulos P. Voulgaris Politis Kanellopoulos Sofianopoulos Rendis K. Tsaldaris Pipinelis S. Venizelos Plastiras S. Venizelos Politis S. Venizelos F. Dragoumis Stefanopoulos S. Theotokis Averoff Pesmazoglou Averoff Pesmazoglou Averoff Pipinelis Oikonomou-Gouras S. Venizelos Xanthopoulos-Palamas Kostopoulos Melas Tsirimokos Stefanopoulos Toumbas Oikonomou-Gouras

Military Junta (1967–1974)	Oikonomou-Gouras Kollias Pipinelis Papadopoulos Xanthopoulos-Palamas Tetenes

Third Hellenic Republic (since 1974)	Kypraios Mavros Bitsios Papaligouras G. Rallis Mitsotakis Charalambopoulos K. Papoulias G. Papoulias Samaras Mitsotakis Papakonstantinou K. Papoulias Pangalos G. Papandreou (Jr.) Giannitsis Molyviatis Bakoyannis G. Papandreou (Jr.) Droutsas Lambrinidis Dimas Molyviatis Avramopoulos Ev. Venizelos Kotzias Molyviatis Kotzias

^§ variously as Chief Secretary/General Secretary of State ^† officially considered the first foreign minister of independent Greece

Greece during World War II

1940–41 Balkan Campaign	Occupation and Resistance		Greek government-in-exile

Greco–Italian War Battles Pindus Elaia–Kalamas Korcë Saranda Morava–Ivan Himara Klisura Pass Trebeshina Italian Spring Offensive Commanders Greece Ioannis Metaxas Alexander Papagos Charalambos Katsimitros Konstantinos Davakis Ioannis Pitsikas Dimitrios Papadopoulos Georgios Kosmas Italy Benito Mussolini Sebastiano Visconti Prasca Ubaldo Soddu Ugo Cavallero Carlo Geloso German invasion Battles Metaxas Line Vevi Kleisoura Pass Thermopylae Crete Commanders Greece Alexander Papagos Georgios Tsolakoglou British Empire & Commonwealth Henry Maitland Wilson Thomas Blamey Bernard Freyberg Germany Wilhelm List Kurt Student	Occupying powers Authorities/People Germany Günther Altenburg Hermann Neubacher Walter Schimana Alexander Löhr Hellmuth Felmy Friedrich-Wilhelm Müller Alexander Andrae Bruno Bräuer Italy Angelico Carta Pellegrino Ghigi Carlo Geloso Piero Parini Bulgaria Andon Kalchev Atrocities Kondomari Kandanos Alikianos Doxato Kommeno Kalavryta Distomo Domenikon Drakeia Cephalonia Mesovouno Pyrgoi Viannos Kedros Kleisoura Haidari concentration camp 200 of Kaisariani Chortiatis The Holocaust in Greece Great Famine Collaborators People Georgios Tsolakoglou K. Logothetopoulos Ioannis Rallis Georgios Poulos George S. Mercouris Ioannis Plytzanopoulos Sotirios Gotzamanis Organizations Collaborationist government Security Battalions ESPO EEE Greek National Socialist Party Secessionists Vlach "Roman Legion" Ohrana Cham collaboration (Këshilla) Atrocities Paramythia Kaisariani Kokkinia	National Liberation Front (EAM) People Aris Velouchiotis Stefanos Sarafis Andreas Tzimas Georgios Siantos Alexandros Svolos Ilias Tsirimokos Markos Vafiades Organizations KKE Socialist Party ELAS ELAN EPON PEEA & National Council E.A. OPLA SNOF Operations Drama Uprising Ryka Mikro Chorio Gorgopotamos Bridge Fardykambos Sarantaporo Porta Pinerolo disarmament Steiri Agorelitsa Atrocities Feneos 5/42 dissolution Meligalas Non-EAM Resistance People Napoleon Zervas Georgios Kartalis Dimitrios Psarros Komninos Pyromaglou Kostas Perrikos Vasileios Sachinis Georgios Petrakis Organizations EDES EKKA PAO PEAN EOK E.S. MAVI Other Operations ESPO bombing Gorgopotamos Bridge Fardykambos Agia Kyriaki Milia Skala Paramythias Xirovouni Menina Dodona Atrocities Expulsion of Cham Albanians British Mission in Greece (SOE) People Eddie Myers Chris Woodhouse Patrick Leigh Fermor Bill Stanley Moss Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz Operations Operation "Albumen" Gorgopotamos Bridge Operation "Animals" Asopos Bridge Kidnap of General Kreipe Damasta sabotage	Events El Alamein Dodecanese Campaign April 1944 mutiny Battle of Rimini People King George II Emmanouil Tsouderos Sofoklis Venizelos Panagiotis Kanellopoulos Thrasyvoulos Tsakalotos Pafsanias Katsotas Notable units 3rd Mountain Brigade Sacred Band Vasilissa Olga Adrias Katsonis Papanikolis 13th Squadron 335th Squadron 336th Squadron Toward the Civil War Events National Bands Agreement Plaka agreement Lebanon conference Caserta agreement Percentages agreement Dekemvriana Treaty of Varkiza People Georgios Papandreou Ronald Scobie Archbishop Damaskinos Georgios Grivas Angelos Evert Nikos Zachariadis

This article was sourced from Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. World Heritage Encyclopedia content is assembled from numerous content providers, Open Access Publishing, and in compliance with The Fair Access to Science and Technology Research Act (FASTR), Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., Public Library of Science, The Encyclopedia of Life, Open Book Publishers (OBP), PubMed, U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH), U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, and USA.gov, which sources content from all federal, state, local, tribal, and territorial government publication portals (.gov, .mil, .edu). Funding for USA.gov and content contributors is made possible from the U.S. Congress, E-Government Act of 2002.

Crowd sourced content that is contributed to World Heritage Encyclopedia is peer reviewed and edited by our editorial staff to ensure quality scholarly research articles.

By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. World Heritage Encyclopedia™ is a registered trademark of the World Public Library Association, a non-profit organization.

Emmanouil Tsouderos