European Retrievable Carrier

European Retrievable Carrier

EURECA deployment in 1992
Mission type	Materials science Astronomy
Operator	ESA
COSPAR ID	1992-049B
SATCAT №	22065
Mission duration	Planned: 1 year Elapsed: 334 days
Spacecraft properties
Manufacturer	MBB-ENRO
Launch mass	4,491 kilograms (9,901 lb)
Power	1,000 watts
Start of mission
Launch date	31 July 1992, 11:56:48 UTC
Rocket	Space Shuttle Atlantis STS-46
Launch site	Kennedy LC-39B
Deployment date	2 August 1992 (1992-08-02)
End of mission
Disposal	Recovered
Recovered by	Space Shuttle Endeavour STS-57
Recovery date	Did not recognize date. Try slightly modifying the date in the first parameter.
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Low Earth
Eccentricity	0.00066
Perigee	438 kilometres (272 mi)
Apogee	447 kilometres (278 mi)
Inclination	28.5 degrees
Period	93.4 minutes

The European Retrievable Carrier (EURECA) was an unmanned 4.5-tonne satellite with 15 experiments.^[1] It was a European Space Agency (ESA) mission and the acronym was derived from Archimedes' bathtub revelation "Eureka!".

It was built by the German MBB-ERNO and had automatic material science cells as well as small telescopes for solar observation (including x-ray).

It was launched 31 July 1992 by Space Shuttle Atlantis during STS-46, and placed into an orbit at an altitude of 508 km (316 mi). EURECA was retrieved on 1 July 1993 by Space Shuttle Endeavour during STS-57 and returned to Earth. It was designed to fly five times with different experiments but the following flights were cancelled.

EURECA is one of the few unmanned space vehicles that have been returned to the Earth unharmed. It has been on display at the Swiss Transport Museum in Lucerne since 2000.

Configuration

EURECA retrieval in 1993

EURECA was made of high-strength carbon-fiber struts and titanium nodal points joined together to form a framework of cubic elements. Thermal control on EURECA combined both active and passive heat transfer and radiation systems. Active heat transfer was achieved by means of a freon cooling loop which dissipated the thermal load through two radiators into space. The passive system made use of multilayer insulation blankets combined with electrical heaters.

The electrical subsystem was powered by deployable and retractable solar arrays together with four 40 amp-hour nickel-cadmium batteries. When EURECA was in the Shuttle cargo bay, power was supplied by the Shuttle. The modular attitude and orbit control subsystem (AOCS) maintained attitude and spacecraft orientation and stabilization. An orbit transfer assembly, consisting of four thrusters, was used to boost EURECA to its operational attitude of 515 km (320 mi) and return it to a retrievable orbit of about 300 km (190 mi).

EURECA was three-axis stabilized by means of a magnetic torque assembly together with a nitrogen reaction control assembly (RCA). Data handling was carried out by EURECAs data handling subsystem (DHS) supported by telemetry and command subsystems providing the link to the ground station.

Experiments

EURECA consisted of 15 experiments:^[2]

• Solution Growth Facility (SGF) (Belgium, Denmark, Norway)
• Protein Crystallization Facility (PCF) (Germany)
• Exobiology Radiation Assembly (ERA) (Germany)
• Multi-Furnace Assembly (MFA) (Italy)
• Automatic Mirror Furnace (AMF) (Germany)
• Surface Forces Adhesion Instrument (SFA) (Italy)
• High Precision Thermostat Instrument (HPT) (Germany)
• Solar Constant and Variability Instrument (SOVA) (Belgium)
• Solar Spectrum Instrument (SOSP) (France)
• Occultation Radiometer Instrument (ORI) (Belgium)
• Wide Angle Telescope (WATCH) (Denmark)
• Timeband Capture Cell Experiment (TICCE) (Great Britain)
• Radio Frequency Ionization Thruster Assembly (RITA) (Germany)
• Inter-Orbit Communications (IOC) (France/the Netherlands)
• Advanced Solar Gallium Arsenide Array (ASGA) (Italy)

See also

• Long Duration Exposure Facility - NASA

References

External links

• Media related to at Wikimedia Commons