World Library  
My Account |  Register |  Help  
  
Flag as Inappropriate
Email this Article

Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain

Article Id: WHEBN0031940936
Reproduction Date:

Title: Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain  
Author: World Heritage Encyclopedia
Language: English
Subject: Magnetic resonance imaging, Medical imaging, Echoencephalography, Brain positron emission tomography, Computed tomography of the head
Collection: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neuroimaging
Publisher: World Heritage Encyclopedia
Publication
Date:
 

Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain

MRI of brain and brain stem
Intervention
Brain MRI
ICD-10-PCS B030ZZZ
ICD-9-CM 88.91
OPS-301 code: 3-800, 3-820

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the nervous system uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce high quality two- or three-dimensional images of nervous system structures without use of ionizing radiation (X-rays) or radioactive tracers.

One advantage of MRI of the brain over computed tomography of the head is better tissue contrast,[1] and it has fewer artifacts than CT when viewing the brainstem. MRI is also superior for pituitary imaging.[2] It may however be less effective at identifying early cerebritis.[3]

In analysis of the fetal brain, MRI provides more information about gyration than ultrasound.[4]

A number of different imaging modes can be used with imaging the nervous system:

  • T1: Cerebrospinal fluid is dark. T1 weighting is useful for visualizing normal anatomy.
  • T2: CSF is light, but fat (and thus white matter) is darker than with T1. T2 is useful for visualizing pathology.[5]
  • PD (proton density): CSF has a relatively high level of protons, making CSF appear bright. Gray matter is brighter than white matter.[6]
  • FLAIR: useful for evaluation of white matter plaques near the ventricles.[7] It is useful in identifying demyelination.[8]

Gallery

References

  1. ^ Ebel, Klaus-Dietrich; Benz-Bohm, Gabriele (1999). Differential diagnosis in pediatric radiology. Thieme. pp. 538–.  
  2. ^ Bradley, William G.; Brant-Zawadzki, Michael; Cambray-Forker, Jane (2001-01-15). MRI of the brain. Surendra Kumar.  
  3. ^ Roos, Karen L.; Tunkel, Allan R. (2010). Bacterial infections of the central nervous system. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 69–.  
  4. ^ Garel, Cathérine (2004). MRI of the fetal brain: normal development and cerebral pathologies. Springer.  
  5. ^ Butler, Paul; Mitchell, Adam W. M.; Ellis, Harold (2007-11-19). Applied Radiological Anatomy for Medical Students. Cambridge University Press. pp. 12–.  
  6. ^ Tofts, Paul (2005-09-01). Quantitative MRI of the Brain: Measuring Changes Caused by Disease. John Wiley and Sons. pp. 86–.  
  7. ^ Chowdhury, Rajat; Wilson, Iain; Rofe, Christopher; Graham Lloyd-Jones (2010-04-19). Radiology at a Glance. John Wiley and Sons. pp. 95–.  
  8. ^ Granacher, Robert P. (2007-12-20). Traumatic brain injury: methods for clinical and forensic neuropsychiatric assessment. CRC Press. pp. 247–.  
Skull
CNS
Brain
thalamus and globus pallidus:
ventricular system:
cerebrum:
pituitary gland:
hippocampus:
Cerebral meninges
Spinal cord and spinal canal
Medical imaging
Diagnostic
CPRs
PNS
Cranial and peripheral nerves
Sympathetic nerves or ganglia
Nerves (general)
Diagnostic
Medical imaging

: CNS

(////////////)//

(/////)//, /,

, drug (////////)

: PNS

 ( /  /  /  /  /  /  / )
  •  ()
  •  ()
  •  /  /  /
  •  /
  • drug ()
X-ray/
medical radiography/
Industrial radiography
2D
Medical:
Industrial:
3D / XCT
Medical:
Industrial:
Other
MRI
Ultrasound
Radionuclide
2D / scintigraphy
full body:
3D / ECT
PET (positron):
Optical laser
Thermography




This article was sourced from Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. World Heritage Encyclopedia content is assembled from numerous content providers, Open Access Publishing, and in compliance with The Fair Access to Science and Technology Research Act (FASTR), Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., Public Library of Science, The Encyclopedia of Life, Open Book Publishers (OBP), PubMed, U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (NIH), U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, and USA.gov, which sources content from all federal, state, local, tribal, and territorial government publication portals (.gov, .mil, .edu). Funding for USA.gov and content contributors is made possible from the U.S. Congress, E-Government Act of 2002.
 
Crowd sourced content that is contributed to World Heritage Encyclopedia is peer reviewed and edited by our editorial staff to ensure quality scholarly research articles.
 
By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. World Heritage Encyclopedia™ is a registered trademark of the World Public Library Association, a non-profit organization.
 


Copyright © World Library Foundation. All rights reserved. eBooks from Project Gutenberg are sponsored by the World Library Foundation,
a 501c(4) Member's Support Non-Profit Organization, and is NOT affiliated with any governmental agency or department.