An Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology

By James Hampton Belton

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Title:	An Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology
Author:	James Hampton Belton
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Language:	English
Subject:	Non Fiction, Social Sciences, Mythology
Collections:	Mythology, Religion, Science Fiction Collection, Reference Collection, Authors Community, Favorites from the National Library of China, Social Sciences, Agriculture, Sociology, Literature, Naval Science, Most Popular Books in China, Favorites in India, Science, History
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Member Page:	James Belton
Citation APA MLA Chicago Hampton Belton, B. J. (n.d.). An Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology. Retrieved from http://self.gutenberg.org/

Description
An enclopedia of Greek and Roman mythology based on Project Gutenberg's edition of Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Rome by E.M.Berens with illustrations from Wikimedia Commons.

Table of Contents
PREFACE............................................................................................................................................................2 2nd Edition......................................................................................................................................................2 1st Edition.......................................................................................................................................................2 LEXICON..........................................................................................................................................................20 Abderus (ab-dee ́-rus)..............................................................................................................................20 Absyrtus (ab-sir ́-tus)...............................................................................................................................20 Academus (ak-ă-dee ́-mus)......................................................................................................................20 Achelous (ak-e-lo ́-us).............................................................................................................................20 Acheron (ak ́-e-ron).................................................................................................................................20 Achilles (ă-kil ́-leez)................................................................................................................................20 Acis (ā ́-sis)..............................................................................................................................................25 Acrisius (ă-crish ́-e-us).............................................................................................................................25 Acropolis (ă-crop ́-o-lis)..........................................................................................................................25 Actæon (ak-tee ́-on).................................................................................................................................25 Admete (ad-mee ́-te)................................................................................................................................25 Admetus (ad-mee ́-tus).............................................................................................................................25 Adonis (ă-don ́-iss)...................................................................................................................................26 Adrastia (ad-ras-ti ́-ah).............................................................................................................................26 Adrastus (ă-dras ́-tus)...............................................................................................................................26 Æacus (ee ́-ă-cus).....................................................................................................................................27 Ææa (ee-ee ́-ah).......................................................................................................................................27 Ægeus (ee ́-juce)......................................................................................................................................27 Ægis (ee ́-jiss)..........................................................................................................................................28 Ægisthus (ee-jiss ́-thus)............................................................................................................................28 Ægle (egg ́-le)..........................................................................................................................................28 Ægyptus (ee-jip ́-tus)...............................................................................................................................29 Aello (ă-el ́-lo).........................................................................................................................................29 Æneas (ee-nee ́-ass).................................................................................................................................29 Æolus (ee ́-o-lus)......................................................................................................................................29 Æsacus (es ́-a-cus)...................................................................................................................................29 Æsculapius (Asclepias)............................................................................................................................29 Æson (ee ́-son).........................................................................................................................................30 Æetes (ee-ee ́-teez)...................................................................................................................................30 Æthra (ee ́-thrah)......................................................................................................................................31 Afterlife....................................................................................................................................................31 Agamemnon (ag-ă-mem ́-non).................................................................................................................33 Agave (ă-ga ́-ve)......................................................................................................................................36 Agenor (ă-jee ́-nor)..................................................................................................................................36 Aglaia (ag-lay ́-yah).................................................................................................................................36 Agraulos (ă-graw ́-lŏs).............................................................................................................................36 Hades (a-i ́-deez) or Aïdoneus (a-i-do ́-nuce)..........................................................................................37 Ajax (ā ́-jax) the Greater..........................................................................................................................37 Ajax (ā ́-jax) the Lesser............................................................................................................................37 Alcestis (al-ses ́-tiss)................................................................................................................................37 Alcinous (al-sin ́-o-us).............................................................................................................................37 Alcippe (al-sip ́-pe)..................................................................................................................................38 -3- Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology Alcmæon (alk-mee ́-on)...........................................................................................................................38 Alcmene (alk-mee ́-ne)............................................................................................................................39 Alecto (a-leck ́-to)\...................................................................................................................................40 Aloidæ (al-o-i ́-de)...................................................................................................................................40 Altars........................................................................................................................................................40 Althea (al-thee ́-ah)..................................................................................................................................40 Amalthea (am-al-thee ́-ah).......................................................................................................................41 Amazons (am ́-a-zons).............................................................................................................................41 Ambrosia (am-bro ́-zhah).........................................................................................................................42 Amor (ā ́-mor)..........................................................................................................................................42 Amphiaraus (am ́-fe-a-ray ́-us)................................................................................................................43 Amphidamas (am-fid ́-a-mass)................................................................................................................43 Amphilochus (am-fil ́-o-cus)...................................................................................................................43 Amphion (am-fi ́-on)................................................................................................................................43 Amphitrite (am-fe-tri ́-te).........................................................................................................................44 Amphitryon (am-fit ́-re-on)......................................................................................................................44 Amycus (am ́-i-cus).................................................................................................................................45 Ananke (an-ang ́-ke) [Necessitas]............................................................................................................45 Androgeos (an-dro ́-je-oss)......................................................................................................................45 Andromache (an-drom ́-a-ke)..................................................................................................................45 Andromeda (an-drom ́-e-dah)..................................................................................................................46 Antea (an-tee ́-ah)....................................................................................................................................47 Anteos (an-tee ́-ŏs)...................................................................................................................................47 Anteros (an ́-te-ross)................................................................................................................................47 Antigone (an-tig ́-o-ne)............................................................................................................................47 Antinous (an-tin ́-o-us).............................................................................................................................47 Antiope (an-ti ́-o-pe)................................................................................................................................47 Antiphates (an-tif ́-a-teez)........................................................................................................................48 Aphareus (af ́-a-ruce)...............................................................................................................................48 Aphrodite (af-ro-di ́-te) [Venus]...............................................................................................................48 Apollo (ă-pol ́-lo).....................................................................................................................................50 Arachne (a-rak ́-ne)..................................................................................................................................57 Ares (ā ́-reez) [Mars]................................................................................................................................57 Arete (a-ree ́-te or ar ́-e-te).......................................................................................................................58 Arethusa (ar-e-thu ́-sah)...........................................................................................................................58 Aretias (ă-ree ́-she-ass)............................................................................................................................59 Argia (ar-ji ́-ah)........................................................................................................................................59 Argo..........................................................................................................................................................59 Argonauts (ar ́-go-nawts).........................................................................................................................59 Argus-Panoptes (pan-op ́-teez)................................................................................................................64 Ariadne (a-re-ad ́-ne)...............................................................................................................................64 Aristæus (ar-iss-tee ́-us)...........................................................................................................................65 Aristodemus (a-ris ́-to-de ́-mus)..............................................................................................................65 Aristomachus (ar-is-tom ́-a-cus)..............................................................................................................65 Arsinoë (ar-sin ́-o-e).................................................................................................................................65 Artemis (ar ́-te-miss) [Diana]...................................................................................................................65 Arcadian Artemis.................................................................................................................................65 Ephesian Artemis.................................................................................................................................66 Brauronian Artemis.............................................................................................................................67 -4- Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology Selene-Artemis....................................................................................................................................69 Ascalaphus (ass-cal ́-a-fuss).....................................................................................................................69 Asclepias (ass-clee ́-pe-us).......................................................................................................................69 Astræa (ass-tree ́-ah)................................................................................................................................70 Astræus (ass-tree ́-us)...............................................................................................................................70 Astyanax (ass-ti ́-a-nax)...........................................................................................................................70 Atalanta (at-a-lan ́-tah).............................................................................................................................70 Ate (ā ́-te).................................................................................................................................................71 Athamas (ath ́-a-mass).............................................................................................................................71 Athene (a-thee ́-ne) [Minerva].................................................................................................................72 Atlas.........................................................................................................................................................74 Atreus, (ă ́-truce)......................................................................................................................................74 Atropos (at ́-ro-pŏs).................................................................................................................................74 Atys (ā ́-tiss).............................................................................................................................................74 Augeas (aw ́-je-ass)..................................................................................................................................75 Augurs [Soothsayers]...............................................................................................................................75 Aurora (aw-ro ́-rah)..................................................................................................................................75 Autolycus (aw-tol ́-i-cus).........................................................................................................................75 Autonoe, (aw-ton ́-o-e)............................................................................................................................75 Bacchus (bac ́-cus) [Dionysus]................................................................................................................75 Battus (bat ́-tus)........................................................................................................................................75 Baucis (baw ́-sis)......................................................................................................................................75 Bellerophon (bel-ler ́-o-fon).....................................................................................................................76 Bellona.....................................................................................................................................................77 Benthesicyme (ben-the-siss ́-i-me)..........................................................................................................77 Boreas (bo ́-re-ass)...................................................................................................................................77 Briareus (bri ́-a-ruce)...............................................................................................................................78 Brisëis (bri-see ́-iss).................................................................................................................................78 Brontes (bron ́-teez).................................................................................................................................78 Busiris (bu-si ́-ris)....................................................................................................................................78 Butes (bu ́-teez)........................................................................................................................................78 Cadmus.....................................................................................................................................................78 Caduceus (ca-du ́-she-us).........................................................................................................................79 Calais (cal ́-a-iss).....................................................................................................................................79 Calchas (cal ́-kas).....................................................................................................................................79 Calirrhoë (cal-lir ́-ro-e)............................................................................................................................79 Calliope (cal-li ́-o-pe)...............................................................................................................................80 Callisto (cal-lis ́-to)..................................................................................................................................80 Calydonian Boar Hunt..............................................................................................................................80 Calypso (ca-lip ́-so)..................................................................................................................................81 Camenæ (ca-mee ́-nee)............................................................................................................................81 Canens (ca ́-nenz).....................................................................................................................................82 Capaneus (cap ́-a-nuce)............................................................................................................................82 Carmenta (car-men ́-tah)..........................................................................................................................82 Carpo........................................................................................................................................................82 Cassandra (cas-san ́-drah)........................................................................................................................82 Cassiopea (cas ́-se-o-pee ́-ah)..................................................................................................................83 Castor.......................................................................................................................................................83 Cecrops (see ́-crops).................................................................................................................................83 -5- Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology Celæno (se-lee ́-no)..................................................................................................................................83 Celeus (see ́-le-us)....................................................................................................................................83 Centaurs (sen ́-tawrs)...............................................................................................................................84 Ceos (see ́-ŏs)...........................................................................................................................................85 Cepheus (see ́-fuce)..................................................................................................................................85 Cephissus (se-fiss ́-us).............................................................................................................................86 Cerberus (ser ́-be-rus)..............................................................................................................................86 Cercyon (ser ́-se-on).................................................................................................................................86 Cerealia (se-re-a ́-le-ah)...........................................................................................................................86 Ceres (see ́-reez) [Demeter].....................................................................................................................87 Cerunitis (ser-u-ni ́-tis).............................................................................................................................87 Cestus (ses ́-tus).......................................................................................................................................87 Ceto (see ́-to)............................................................................................................................................87 Ceyx (see ́-ix)...........................................................................................................................................87 Chalciope (cal-si ́-o-pe)...........................................................................................................................88 Chaos (ka ́-oss).........................................................................................................................................88 Chares (ca ́-reez)......................................................................................................................................88 Charites (car ́-i-teez)................................................................................................................................88 Charon (ca ́-ron).......................................................................................................................................88 Charybdis (ca-rib ́-dis).............................................................................................................................88 Chimæra (ki-mee ́-rah).............................................................................................................................88 Chiron (ki ́-ron)........................................................................................................................................89 Chloris (clo ́-ris) [Flora]...........................................................................................................................89 Chrysaor (cris-ā ́-or).................................................................................................................................89 Chrysëis (cri-see ́-iss)...............................................................................................................................89 Chryses (cri ́-seez)...................................................................................................................................89 Cimmerians (sim-me ́-ri-anz)...................................................................................................................90 Cimon (si ́-mon).......................................................................................................................................90 Circe (sir ́-se)...........................................................................................................................................90 Cleodæus (cle-o-dee ́-us).........................................................................................................................92 Cleopatra (cle-o-pat ́-rah).........................................................................................................................92 Clio (cli ́-o)...............................................................................................................................................92 Clotho (clo ́-tho).......................................................................................................................................92 Clymene (clim ́-e-ne)...............................................................................................................................92 Clytemnestra (clit-em-nes ́-trah)..............................................................................................................93 Clytie (cli ́-ti-e)........................................................................................................................................93 Cocalus (coc ́-a-lus).................................................................................................................................94 Cocytus (co-si ́-tus)..................................................................................................................................94 Cœlus (see ́-lus).......................................................................................................................................94 Colchis (col ́-kis)......................................................................................................................................94 Colossus of Rhodes (co-lŏs ́-sus).............................................................................................................94 Comus (co ́-mus)......................................................................................................................................95 Consus (con ́-sus).....................................................................................................................................95 Copreus (co ́-pruce).................................................................................................................................95 Cora..........................................................................................................................................................95 Cornucopia (cor-noo-co ́-pe-ah)..............................................................................................................95 Coronis (co-ro ́-nis)..................................................................................................................................95 Corybantes (cor-i-ban ́-teez)....................................................................................................................96 Cottus (cot ́-tus).......................................................................................................................................96 -6- Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology Creation....................................................................................................................................................96 Creon (cree ́-on).......................................................................................................................................96 Cresphontes (cres-fon ́-teez)....................................................................................................................97 Crëusa (cre-yu ́-sah).................................................................................................................................97 Crios (cri ́-ŏs)...........................................................................................................................................97 Crœsus (cree ́-sus)....................................................................................................................................98 Cronus (cro ́-nus) [Saturn].......................................................................................................................98 Cupid (cu ́-pid).......................................................................................................................................100 Curetes (cu-ree ́-teez).............................................................................................................................100 Cybele (sib ́-i-le)....................................................................................................................................100 Cyclops (si ́-clops).................................................................................................................................101 Cycnus (sik ́-nus)...................................................................................................................................102 Cyparissus (sip-a-ris ́-sus)......................................................................................................................103 Cyrus (si ́-rus)........................................................................................................................................103 Cyzicus (siz ́-i-cus)................................................................................................................................103 Dædalus (ded ́-a-lus)..............................................................................................................................103 Dæmons (de ́-mons)...............................................................................................................................105 Damastes (da-mas ́-teez)........................................................................................................................105 Danaë (dan ́-a-e).....................................................................................................................................105 Danaïdes (dan-a ́-ĭ-deez)........................................................................................................................106 Danaus (dan ́-a-us).................................................................................................................................106 Daphne (daf ́-ne)....................................................................................................................................106 Daphnephoria (daf-ne-fo ́-re-ah)............................................................................................................107 Deianeira (de-i ́-a-ni ́-rah)......................................................................................................................107 Deiphobus (de-if ́-o-bus)........................................................................................................................108 Deipyle (de-ip ́-i-le)...............................................................................................................................108 Delphic (del ́-fic) Oracle........................................................................................................................108 Demeter (de-mee ́-ter) [Ceres]...............................................................................................................110 Demophoon (de-mof ́-o-on)...................................................................................................................114 Deucalion (du-ca ́-le-on)........................................................................................................................115 Diana (di-an ́-nah) [Artemis].................................................................................................................115 Dice (di ́-se)............................................................................................................................................116 Dictys (dic ́-tiss).....................................................................................................................................116 Dino (di ́-no)..........................................................................................................................................116 Diomedes (di-o-mee ́-deez)....................................................................................................................116 Dione (di-o ́-ne)......................................................................................................................................116 Dionysia [Bacchanalia]..........................................................................................................................117 Dionysus (di-o-ni ́-sus) [Bacchus].........................................................................................................117 Dioscuri (di-ŏs-cu ́-ri)............................................................................................................................121 Diræ (di ́-ree).........................................................................................................................................121 Dirce (dir ́-se).........................................................................................................................................121 Dis (diss)................................................................................................................................................122 Doliones (do-li ́-o-neez).........................................................................................................................122 Doris (do ́-ris).........................................................................................................................................122 Dorus (do ́-rus).......................................................................................................................................122 Dryades (dri ́-a-deez).............................................................................................................................122 Dryas (dri ́-ass).......................................................................................................................................123 Dymas (di ́-mass)...................................................................................................................................123 Echemon (ek-kee ́-mon).........................................................................................................................123 -7- Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology Echidna, (ek-kid ́-nah)...........................................................................................................................123 Echo (ek ́-o)...........................................................................................................................................123 Egeria (e-gee ́-re-ah)..............................................................................................................................123 Eilithyia (i-lith-i ́-yah)............................................................................................................................123 Eirene (i-ree-nee)...................................................................................................................................123 Electra (e-lek ́-trah)................................................................................................................................123 Electryon (e-lek ́-tre-on)........................................................................................................................124 Eleusinian (el-u-sin ́-e-an) Mysteries.....................................................................................................124 Elysium (e-lizh ́-e-um)...........................................................................................................................125 Enceladus (en-sel ́-a-dus).......................................................................................................................125 Endymion (en-dim ́-e-on)......................................................................................................................125 Enipeus (e-ni ́-puce)...............................................................................................................................125 Enyo (e-ni ́-o).........................................................................................................................................125 Eos (ee ́-ŏs) [Aurora].............................................................................................................................125 Epaphus (ep ́-a-fus)................................................................................................................................126 Epeios (ep-i ́-ŏs).....................................................................................................................................126 Ephialtes (ef-e-āl ́-teez)..........................................................................................................................127 Epigoni (e-pig ́-o-ni)..............................................................................................................................127 Epimetheus (ep-e-me ́-thuce).................................................................................................................127 Epopeus (e-po ́-puce).............................................................................................................................128 Erato (er ́-a-to).......................................................................................................................................128 Erebus (er ́-e-buss) [Orcus]....................................................................................................................128 Erechtheus (e-rek ́-thuce).......................................................................................................................128 Eresichthon (er-e-sik ́-thon)...................................................................................................................129 Erginus (er-ji ́-nus).................................................................................................................................129 Erinnyes (e-rin ́-ne-eez).........................................................................................................................129 Eriphyle (er-i-fi ́-le)...............................................................................................................................129 Eris (ee ́-ris)...........................................................................................................................................130 Eros (ee ́-rŏs) [Cupid]............................................................................................................................131 Eteocles (e-tee ́-o-cleez).........................................................................................................................133 Eumæus (u-mee ́-us)..............................................................................................................................133 Eumenides (u-men ́-i-deez)....................................................................................................................133 Eunomia (u-no ́-me-ah)..........................................................................................................................133 Euphemus (u-fee ́-mus)..........................................................................................................................133 Euphrosyne (u-fros ́-i-ne).......................................................................................................................134 Europa (u-ro ́-pah).................................................................................................................................134 Eurus (u ́-rus).........................................................................................................................................134 Euryale (u-ri ́-a-le).................................................................................................................................134 Eurybia (u-rib ́-e-ah)..............................................................................................................................134 Euryclea (u-ri-clee ́-ah)..........................................................................................................................134 Eurydice (u-rid ́-i-se).............................................................................................................................135 Eurylochus (u-ril ́-o-kus).......................................................................................................................135 Eurynome (u-rin ́-o-me).........................................................................................................................136 Eurypylus (u-rip ́-i-lus)..........................................................................................................................136 Eurystheus (u-riss ́-thuce)......................................................................................................................136 Eurytion (u-rit ́-e-on).............................................................................................................................137 Eurytus (u ́-ri-tus)...................................................................................................................................137 Euterpe (u-ter ́-pe)..................................................................................................................................138 Evander (e-van ́-der)..............................................................................................................................138 -8- Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology Evenus (e-ve ́-nus).................................................................................................................................138 Fates.......................................................................................................................................................138 Fauns (fawns) [Satyrs]...........................................................................................................................139 Faunus (faw ́-nus) [Pan].........................................................................................................................139 Festivals..................................................................................................................................................140 Flora [Chloris]........................................................................................................................................140 Fortuna (for-tu ́-nah) [Tyche].................................................................................................................140 Furies......................................................................................................................................................140 Gæa (je ́-ah) [Terra]...............................................................................................................................142 Galatea (gal-a-tee ́-ah)...........................................................................................................................143 Ganymedes (gan-i-mee ́-deez)...............................................................................................................143 Ge...........................................................................................................................................................143 Genii (jee ́-ne-i)......................................................................................................................................143 Geryon (jee ́-re-on)................................................................................................................................143 Giants.....................................................................................................................................................144 Gigantomachia (ji-gan ́-to-ma ́-ke-ah)...................................................................................................146 Glauce (glaw ́-se)...................................................................................................................................146 Glaucus (glaw ́-cus)...............................................................................................................................146 Gods.......................................................................................................................................................146 Golden Fleece.........................................................................................................................................150 Gordius (gor ́-de-us)...............................................................................................................................150 Gorgons..................................................................................................................................................150 Graces.....................................................................................................................................................151 Gradivus (gra-di ́-vus)............................................................................................................................152 Grææ......................................................................................................................................................152 Gratiæ (gra ́-she-ee)...............................................................................................................................152 Gyges (ji ́-jeez).......................................................................................................................................153 Hades (ha ́-deez) (Pluto)........................................................................................................................153 Hæmon (hee ́-mon)................................................................................................................................155 Halcyone (hal-si ́-o-ne)..........................................................................................................................156 Halirrhothios (hal-ir-ro ́-the-us).............................................................................................................156 Hamadryades (ham-a-dry ́-a-deez)........................................................................................................156 Harmonia (har-mo ́-ne-ah).....................................................................................................................156 Harpies (har ́-piz)...................................................................................................................................157 Hebe (Juventas) .....................................................................................................................................157 Hecate (hec ́-a-te)...................................................................................................................................158 Hecatoncheires (hec ́-a-ton-ki ́-reez).....................................................................................................159 Hector.....................................................................................................................................................159 Hecuba (hec ́-u-bah)...............................................................................................................................160 Helen......................................................................................................................................................160 Helenus (hel ́-e-nus)...............................................................................................................................162 Helios (hee ́-le-ŏs) [Sol].........................................................................................................................162 Helle (hel ́-le).........................................................................................................................................165 Hemera (hee ́-me-rah)............................................................................................................................166 Heosphorus (he-ŏs ́-fo-rus)....................................................................................................................166 Hephæstus (he-fes ́-tus) [Vulcan]..........................................................................................................166 Hera (he ́-rah) [Juno]..............................................................................................................................168 Heracles (her ́-a-cleez) [Hercules].........................................................................................................173 The Nemean Lion..............................................................................................................................175 -9- Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology The Hydra..........................................................................................................................................176 The Horned Hind...............................................................................................................................176 The Erymantian Boar........................................................................................................................176 Cleansing the Stables of Augeas.......................................................................................................177 The Stymphalides..............................................................................................................................178 The Cretan Bull.................................................................................................................................178 The Mares of Diomedes....................................................................................................................178 Hercules and the Argonauts...............................................................................................................179 The Girdle of Hippolyte....................................................................................................................180 The Oxen of Geryones......................................................................................................................181 The Apples of the Hesperides............................................................................................................181 Cerberus.............................................................................................................................................182 Murder of Iphitus...............................................................................................................................183 Heracles and Deianeira......................................................................................................................185 Heraclidæ (her-a-cli ́-dee)......................................................................................................................186 Hercules (her ́-cu-leez) [Heracles].........................................................................................................188 Hermes (her ́-meez) [Mercury]..............................................................................................................188 Hermione (her-mi ́-o-ne)........................................................................................................................192 Herse (her ́-se)........................................................................................................................................192 Herse daughter of Selene...................................................................................................................192 Herse daughter of king Cecrops........................................................................................................192 Hesione (he-si ́-o-ne).............................................................................................................................193 Hesperia (hes-pee ́-re-ah).......................................................................................................................193 Hesperides (hes-per ́-i-deez)..................................................................................................................193 Hesperus (hes ́-pe-rus)...........................................................................................................................194 Hestia (hes ́-te-ah) [Vesta]......................................................................................................................194 Hippocamps............................................................................................................................................194 Hippodamia (hip ́-po-da-mi ́-ah)...........................................................................................................195 Hippodamia of Pisa...........................................................................................................................195 Hippodamia of Thessaly....................................................................................................................195 Hippolyte (hip-pol ́-i-te).........................................................................................................................195 Hippolytes (hip-pol ́-i teez)....................................................................................................................196 Hippolytus (hip-pol ́-i-tus).....................................................................................................................196 Hippomedon (hip-pom ́-e-don)..............................................................................................................197 Hippomenes (hip-pom ́-e-neez).............................................................................................................197 Horæ (ho ́-ree)........................................................................................................................................197 Hyacinthus (hi-a-sin ́-thus)....................................................................................................................198 Hyades (hi ́-a-deez)................................................................................................................................198 Hydra (hi ́-drah).....................................................................................................................................198 Hygeia (hi-jee ́-yah)...............................................................................................................................199 Hylas (hi ́-las).........................................................................................................................................199 Hyllus (hil ́-lus)......................................................................................................................................199 Hymen (hi ́-men)....................................................................................................................................200 Hyperion (hi-pee ́-re-on)........................................................................................................................201 Hypermnestra (hip-erm-nes ́-trah).........................................................................................................201 Hypnus (hip ́-nus) [Somnus]..................................................................................................................201 Hypsipyle (hip-sip ́-i-le).........................................................................................................................201 Iambe (i-am ́-be)....................................................................................................................................202 Iapetus (i-ap ́-e-tus)................................................................................................................................202 - 10 - Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology Iasion (i-a ́-zhe-on).................................................................................................................................202 Icarus (ic ́-a-rus).....................................................................................................................................202 Idas (i ́-dass)...........................................................................................................................................202 Idmon (id ́-mon).....................................................................................................................................202 Idomeneus (i-dom ́-e-nuce)....................................................................................................................203 Ilus (i ́-lus)..............................................................................................................................................203 Inachus (in ́-a-cus)`................................................................................................................................203 Ino (i ́-no)...............................................................................................................................................203 Inuus (in ́-u-us).......................................................................................................................................203 Io (i ́-o)...................................................................................................................................................203 Iobates (i-ob ́-a-teez)..............................................................................................................................204 Iolaus (i-o-la ́-us)...................................................................................................................................204 Iole (i ́-o-le)............................................................................................................................................205 Ion (i ́-on)...............................................................................................................................................205 Iphigenia (if ́-i-ge-ni ́-ah).......................................................................................................................206 Iphitus (if ́-i-tus).....................................................................................................................................207 Iris (i ́-ris)...............................................................................................................................................207 Ismene (iss-mee ́-ne)..............................................................................................................................208 Ixion (ix-i ́-on).......................................................................................................................................208 Janus (ja ́-nus)........................................................................................................................................208 Jason.......................................................................................................................................................209 Jocasta (jo-cas ́-tah)...............................................................................................................................213 Juno (ju ́-no) [Hera]...............................................................................................................................213 Jupiter (ju ́-pe-ter) [Zeus].......................................................................................................................214 Juventas (ju-ven ́-tăss) [Hebe]...............................................................................................................214 Keidomos (ki ́-do-mos)..........................................................................................................................214 Ker (cur).................................................................................................................................................215 Keres (kee ́-reez)....................................................................................................................................215 Labdacus (lab ́-da-cus)...........................................................................................................................215 Labyrinth (lab ́-i-rinth)...........................................................................................................................215 Lachesis (lak ́-e-sis)...............................................................................................................................215 Ladon (la ́-don)......................................................................................................................................215 Laertes (la-er ́-teez)................................................................................................................................215 Læstrygones (les-trig ́-o-neez)...............................................................................................................216 Laius (la ́-yus)........................................................................................................................................216 Lampetus (lam ́-pe-tus)..........................................................................................................................217 Laocoon (la-oc ́-o-on)............................................................................................................................217 Laodamas (la-od ́-a-mass)......................................................................................................................217 Laomedon (la-om ́-e-don)......................................................................................................................217 Lares (la ́-reez)......................................................................................................................................218 Latona (la-to ́-nah).................................................................................................................................218 Laverna (la-ver ́-nah).............................................................................................................................218 Leda (lee ́-dah).......................................................................................................................................219 Lemures (lem ́-u-reez)...........................................................................................................................219 Lethe (lee ́-the).......................................................................................................................................219 Leto (lee ́-to) [Latona]............................................................................................................................219 Leucippus (lu-sip ́-pus)..........................................................................................................................219 Leucothea (lu-co ́-the-ah).......................................................................................................................220 Leucothea the Sea Godess.................................................................................................................220 - 11 - Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology Leucothea, daughter of Orchamus.....................................................................................................220 Liber (li ́-ber).........................................................................................................................................220 Limoniades (lim-o-ni ́-a-deez)...............................................................................................................220 Linus (li ́-nus).........................................................................................................................................220 Libitina...................................................................................................................................................221 Luna (lu ́-nah)........................................................................................................................................221 Lupercus (lu-per ́-cus)............................................................................................................................221 Lycaon (li-cay ́-on).................................................................................................................................221 Lycomedes (lic-o-mee ́-deez).................................................................................................................221 Lycurgus (li-cur ́-gus)............................................................................................................................222 Lycurgus of Sparta.............................................................................................................................222 Lycurgus, king of Thrace...................................................................................................................222 Lycurgus, king of Nemea..................................................................................................................222 Lycus (li ́-cus)........................................................................................................................................222 Lynceus (lin ́-suce).................................................................................................................................223 Macaria (ma-ca ́-re-ah)..........................................................................................................................223 Machaon (ma-ca ́-on).............................................................................................................................223 Magna-Mater (may ́-ter)........................................................................................................................223 Maia (may ́-yah).....................................................................................................................................223 Mamers (ma ́-merz)...............................................................................................................................223 Man........................................................................................................................................................223 Manes.....................................................................................................................................................225 Mars (Ares)............................................................................................................................................225 Marsyas (mar ́-she-ass)..........................................................................................................................227 Mater-Deorum (may ́-ter dee-o ́-rum)...................................................................................................227 Medea (me-dee ́-ah)...............................................................................................................................227 Medusa...................................................................................................................................................231 Megæra (me-jee ́-rah)............................................................................................................................232 Megapenthes (meg-a-pen ́-theez)...........................................................................................................232 Megara (meg ́-a-rah)..............................................................................................................................232 Melanippe (mel-a-nip ́-pe).....................................................................................................................232 Meleager (me-le-a ́-jer)..........................................................................................................................232 Meliades (me-li ́-a-deez)........................................................................................................................233 Melissae (me-lis ́-see)............................................................................................................................233 Melpomene (mel-pom ́-e-ne).................................................................................................................233 Memnon (mem ́-non).............................................................................................................................233 Menelaus (men-e-la ́-us)........................................................................................................................234 Menesthius (me-nes ́-the-us)..................................................................................................................236 Menœceus (me-nee ́-suce).....................................................................................................................236 Menœtius (me-nee ́-she-us)...................................................................................................................236 Mercury (mer ́-cu-ry) [Hermes].............................................................................................................236 Merope (maer ́-ope)...............................................................................................................................236 Metaneira (met-a-ni ́-rah).......................................................................................................................237 Metis (mee ́-tiss)....................................................................................................................................237 Metra (mee ́-trah)...................................................................................................................................237 Metra of Ephesia...............................................................................................................................237 Metra, daughter of Eresicthon...........................................................................................................237 Midas (mi ́-das)......................................................................................................................................238 Miltiades (mil-ti ́-a-deez).......................................................................................................................239 - 12 - Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology Mimas (mi ́-mass)..................................................................................................................................239 Minerva (mi-ner ́-vah) [Athene] ...........................................................................................................239 Minos .....................................................................................................................................................240 Minotaur (min ́-o-tawr)..........................................................................................................................241 Mnemosyne (ne-mŏs ́-i-ne)....................................................................................................................241 Moiræ (moy ́-ree)...................................................................................................................................241 Momus (mo ́-mus).................................................................................................................................241 Mopsus...................................................................................................................................................241 Morpheus (mor ́-fuce)............................................................................................................................241 Mors (morz)...........................................................................................................................................242 Musagetes (mu-saj ́-e-teez)....................................................................................................................242 Muses.....................................................................................................................................................242 Mutunus (mu-tu ́-nus)............................................................................................................................245 Myrmidons (mir ́-mi-dons)....................................................................................................................245 Myrtilus (mir ́-ti-lus)..............................................................................................................................245 Naiades (na-i ́-a-deez)............................................................................................................................245 Napææ (na-pee ́-ee)...............................................................................................................................246 Narcissus (nar-sis ́-sus)..........................................................................................................................246 Nausicaa (naw-sic ́-a-ah).......................................................................................................................246 Necessitas (ne-ses ́-si-tass) [Ananke]....................................................................................................247 Neleus (nee ́-luce)..................................................................................................................................247 Nemesis (nem ́-e-siss)............................................................................................................................247 Neoptolemus (ne-op-tol ́-e-mus)............................................................................................................248 Nephelæ (nef ́-e-lee)..............................................................................................................................248 Nephele (nef ́-e-le).................................................................................................................................248 Neptune (nept ́-une) [Poseidon].............................................................................................................248 Nereides (ne-ree ́-i-deez).......................................................................................................................248 Nereus (nee ́-ruce)..................................................................................................................................249 Nessus....................................................................................................................................................250 Nestor.....................................................................................................................................................250 Nike (ni ́-ke) [Victoria]..........................................................................................................................250 Niobe (ni ́-o-be).....................................................................................................................................251 Notus (no ́-tus).......................................................................................................................................251 Nyctimus (nic ́-ti-mus)...........................................................................................................................251 Nycteus (nic ́-tuce).................................................................................................................................252 Nymphs..................................................................................................................................................252 Water Nymphs...................................................................................................................................254 Other Kinds of Nymphs....................................................................................................................254 Nyx (nix)................................................................................................................................................255 Oceanides (o-se-an ́-i-deez)...................................................................................................................255 Oceanus (o-see ́-a-nus)...........................................................................................................................255 Ocypete (o-sip ́-e-te)..............................................................................................................................256 Odysseus (o-dis ́-suce)...........................................................................................................................256 Œdipus (ed ́-i-pus).................................................................................................................................267 Œneus (ee ́-nuce)...................................................................................................................................269 Œnomaus (ee-nom ́-a-us).......................................................................................................................269 Œnone (ee-no ́-ne).................................................................................................................................270 Ogygia (o-jij ́-e-ah)................................................................................................................................270 Oileus (o-i ́-luce)....................................................................................................................................270 - 13 - Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology Omphale (om ́-fa-le)..............................................................................................................................270 Ops [Rhea].............................................................................................................................................270 Oracles....................................................................................................................................................270 Orchamus (or ́-ca-mus)..........................................................................................................................271 Orcus (or ́-cus) [Erebus]........................................................................................................................271 Oreades (o-ree ́-a-deez)..........................................................................................................................271 Orithyia (or ́-i-thi ́-yah)..........................................................................................................................272 Orestes (o-res ́-teez)...............................................................................................................................272 Orpheus (or ́-fuce)..................................................................................................................................273 Orthrus (or ́-thrus)..................................................................................................................................274 Otus (o ́-tus)...........................................................................................................................................274 Oxylus (ox ́-i-lus)...................................................................................................................................274 Palæmon (pa-lee ́-mon)..........................................................................................................................275 Palamedes (pal-a-mee ́-deez).................................................................................................................275 Pales (pa ́-leez).......................................................................................................................................275 Palladium (pal-la ́-de-um)......................................................................................................................275 Pallantids................................................................................................................................................276 Pallas (pal ́-lass).....................................................................................................................................276 Pallas the Titan..................................................................................................................................276 Pallas, father of the Pallantids...........................................................................................................276 Pallas-Athene.........................................................................................................................................276 Pan [Faunus]...........................................................................................................................................276 Panacea (pan-a-see ́-ah).........................................................................................................................278 Panathenæa (pan ́-ath-e-nee ́-ah)...........................................................................................................278 Pandareos (pan-da ́-re-oss).....................................................................................................................279 Pandora (pan-do ́-rah)............................................................................................................................279 Parcæ (par ́-see).....................................................................................................................................279 Paris (par ́-ris)........................................................................................................................................279 Parthenopæus (par ́-then-o-pee ́-us).......................................................................................................282 Patroclus (pă-tro ́-clus)...........................................................................................................................282 Pegasus (peg ́-a-sus)...............................................................................................................................283 Peleus (pee ́-luce)...................................................................................................................................284 Pelias (pee ́-le-ass).................................................................................................................................284 Pelops (pee ́-lops)...................................................................................................................................285 Penates (pe-na ́-teez)..............................................................................................................................285 Penelope (pe-nel ́-o-pe)..........................................................................................................................286 Peneus (pe-nee ́-us)................................................................................................................................286 Penthesilea (pen ́-the-si-lee ́-ah)............................................................................................................287 Pentheus (pen ́-thuce).............................................................................................................................287 Pephredo (pe-free ́-do)...........................................................................................................................288 Periphetes (per-i-fee ́-teez).....................................................................................................................288 Perse (per ́-se)........................................................................................................................................288 Persephone (per-sef ́-o-ne) [Proserpine]................................................................................................288 Perseus (per ́-suce).................................................................................................................................290 Petasus (pet ́-a-sus)................................................................................................................................293 Phæaces..................................................................................................................................................293 Phædra (fee ́-drah).................................................................................................................................294 Phaethon (fa ́-e-thon).............................................................................................................................294 Phegeus (fee ́-juce).................................................................................................................................295 - 14 - Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology Philemon (fi-lee ́-mon)...........................................................................................................................296 Philoctetes (fil-oc-tee ́-teez)...................................................................................................................296 Phineus (fi ́-nuce)...................................................................................................................................297 Phineus, brother of Cepheus..............................................................................................................297 Phineus, son of Agenor......................................................................................................................297 Phœbe (fee ́-be)......................................................................................................................................298 Phœbus-Apollo (fee ́-bus ă-pol ́-lo).......................................................................................................298 Pholus (fo ́-lus)......................................................................................................................................298 Phorcys (for ́-siss)..................................................................................................................................298 Phryxus (frix ́-us)...................................................................................................................................298 Phyleus (fi ́-luce)....................................................................................................................................299 Phylla (fil ́-lah).......................................................................................................................................299 Picumnus (pi-cum ́-nus).........................................................................................................................299 Picus (pi ́-cus)........................................................................................................................................300 Pierides (pi-er ́-i-deez)...........................................................................................................................300 Pierus (pi ́-e-rus)....................................................................................................................................300 Pilumnus (pi-lum ́-nus)..........................................................................................................................300 Pirithöus (pi-rith ́-o-us)..........................................................................................................................300 Pittheus (pit ́-thuce)................................................................................................................................301 Pleiades (plee ́-ya-deez).........................................................................................................................301 Pluto (plu ́-to) [Hades]...........................................................................................................................301 Plutus (plu ́-tus)......................................................................................................................................301 Podalirius (pod-a-lir ́-e-us).....................................................................................................................302 Podarces (po-dar ́-seez)..........................................................................................................................302 Pollux.....................................................................................................................................................302 Polybotes (pol-e-bo ́-teez)......................................................................................................................303 Polybus (pol ́-e-bus)...............................................................................................................................303 Polydectes (pol-e-dec ́-teez)...................................................................................................................303 Polydeuces (pol-e-du ́-seez)...................................................................................................................303 Polydorus (pol-e-do ́-rus).......................................................................................................................303 Polyhymnia (pol-e-him ́-ne-ah).............................................................................................................303 Polynices (pol-e-ni ́-seez)......................................................................................................................303 Polyphemus (pol-e-fee ́-mus).................................................................................................................305 Polyphemus the Cyclops...................................................................................................................305 Polyphemus the Argonaut..................................................................................................................307 Pomona (po-mo ́-nah)............................................................................................................................307 Pontus.....................................................................................................................................................307 Poseidon (po-si ́-don) [Neptune]............................................................................................................307 Priam (pri ́-am).......................................................................................................................................313 Priapus (pri-a ́-pus)................................................................................................................................315 Priests.....................................................................................................................................................315 Procrustes (pro-crus ́-teez).....................................................................................................................315 Prœtus (pree ́-tus)...................................................................................................................................315 Prometheus (pro-mee ́-thuce).................................................................................................................316 Proserpine (pross ́-er-pine) [Persephone]..............................................................................................317 Protesilaus (pro-tess ́-i-la ́-us)................................................................................................................317 Proteus (pro ́-tuce).................................................................................................................................317 Psyche (si ́-ke)........................................................................................................................................318 Pylades (pil ́-a-deez)..............................................................................................................................319 - 15 - Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology Pyracmon (pi-rac ́-mon).........................................................................................................................320 Pyrrha (pir ́-rah).....................................................................................................................................320 Pythia (pith ́-e-ah)..................................................................................................................................320 Python (pi ́-thon)....................................................................................................................................321 Quirinus (que-ri ́-nus)............................................................................................................................322 Remus (ree ́-mus)...................................................................................................................................322 Rhadamanthus (rad-a-man ́-thus)...........................................................................................................322 Rhea (ree ́-ah) [Ops]..............................................................................................................................322 Rhoda (ro ́-dah)......................................................................................................................................323 Rhœtus (ree ́-tus)....................................................................................................................................323 Robigus (ro-bi ́-gus)...............................................................................................................................323 Roman Beliefs........................................................................................................................................323 Romulus (rom ́-u-lus).............................................................................................................................324 Sacrifices................................................................................................................................................324 Sagaris (sag ́-a-ris).................................................................................................................................326 Saturn (sat ́-urn) [Cronus]......................................................................................................................326 Saturnalia................................................................................................................................................327 Satyrs (sa ́-turz)......................................................................................................................................327 Scheria (skee ́-re-ah)..............................................................................................................................328 Schœneus (skee ́-nuce)...........................................................................................................................328 Scylla (sil ́-lah).......................................................................................................................................328 Scyron (si ́-ron)......................................................................................................................................329 Seasons...................................................................................................................................................329 Selene (se-lee ́-ne) [Luna]......................................................................................................................329 Semele (sem ́-e-le).................................................................................................................................330 Sibyls (sib ́-bles)....................................................................................................................................330 Silens (si ́-lenz)......................................................................................................................................330 Silvanus..................................................................................................................................................330 Sinnis (sin ́-nis)......................................................................................................................................331 Sinon (si ́-non).......................................................................................................................................331 Sirens (si ́-renz)......................................................................................................................................331 Sisyphus (sis ́-i-fus)...............................................................................................................................332 Sol (soll).................................................................................................................................................332 Solymans (sol ́-i-mans)..........................................................................................................................333 Somnus (som ́-nus)................................................................................................................................333 Soothsayers (Augurs).............................................................................................................................333 Sphinx (sfinks).......................................................................................................................................334 Statues....................................................................................................................................................334 Stellio (stel ́-le-o)...................................................................................................................................335 Steropes (ster ́-o peez)............................................................................................................................335 Stheno (sthee ́-no)..................................................................................................................................335 Strophius (stro ́-fe-us)............................................................................................................................335 Stymphalides (stim-fal ́-i-deez).............................................................................................................335 Styx (sticks) ...........................................................................................................................................336 Symplegades (sim-pleg ́-a-deez)............................................................................................................336 Syrinx (si ́-rinks)....................................................................................................................................336 Talaria (ta-la ́-re-ah)...............................................................................................................................337 Talus (ta ́-lus).........................................................................................................................................337 Talus the Giant...................................................................................................................................337 - 16 - Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology Talus, nephew of Dædalus.................................................................................................................337 Tantalus (tan ́-ta-lus)..............................................................................................................................337 Tartarus (tar ́-ta-rus)...............................................................................................................................338 Telamon (tel ́-a-mon).............................................................................................................................338 Telemachus (tel-lem ́-a-cus)...................................................................................................................338 Telephus (tel ́-e-fus)...............................................................................................................................339 Temenus (tem ́-e-nus)............................................................................................................................339 Temples..................................................................................................................................................339 Terminus (ter ́-mi-nus)...........................................................................................................................340 Terpsichore (terp-sic ́-o-re)....................................................................................................................341 Terra (ter ́-rah)........................................................................................................................................341 Tethys (tee ́-thiss)...................................................................................................................................341 Teutamias (tu-ta ́-me-ass).......................................................................................................................341 Thalia (tha-li ́-ah)...................................................................................................................................341 Thallo (thal ́-lo)......................................................................................................................................341 Thamyris (tham ́-i ris)............................................................................................................................341 Thanatos (than ́-a-tos) [Mors]................................................................................................................341 Thaumus (thaw ́-mass)...........................................................................................................................342 Thebes (theebs)......................................................................................................................................342 Theia (thi ́-ah)........................................................................................................................................344 Themis (thee ́-mis).................................................................................................................................345 Thersander (ther-san ́-der).....................................................................................................................346 Thersites (ther-si ́-teez)..........................................................................................................................346 Theseus (thee ́-suce)...............................................................................................................................346 Thesmophoria (thes-mo-fo ́-re-ah).........................................................................................................351 Thestius (thes ́-te-us)..............................................................................................................................351 Thetis (thee ́-tis).....................................................................................................................................351 Thyone (thi-o ́-ne)..................................................................................................................................352 Tiphys (ti ́-fiss).......................................................................................................................................353 Tiresias (ti-ree ́-she-ass).........................................................................................................................353 Tisiphone (ti-sif ́-o-ne)...........................................................................................................................353 Titanomachia (ti ́-tan-o-ma ́-ke-ah).......................................................................................................353 Titans (ti ́-tanz).......................................................................................................................................354 Tithonus (ti-tho ́-nus).............................................................................................................................355 Tityus (tit ́-e-us).....................................................................................................................................355 Trinacria (tri-na ́-cre-ah)........................................................................................................................355 Triptolemus (trip-tol ́-e-mus).................................................................................................................355 Triton (tri ́-ton).......................................................................................................................................356 Trivia (triv ́-e-ah)...................................................................................................................................356 Tros (trŏss).............................................................................................................................................356 Troy........................................................................................................................................................356 Tyche (ti ́-ke) [Fortuna]..........................................................................................................................361 Tydeus (ti ́-duce)....................................................................................................................................362 Tyndareus (tin-da ́-re-us).......................................................................................................................362 Typhon (ti ́-fon)......................................................................................................................................363 Tyro (ti ́-ro)............................................................................................................................................363 Ulysses (u-lis ́-seez)...............................................................................................................................363 Urania (u-ra ́-ne-ah)...............................................................................................................................363 Uranus (u ́-ra-nus)..................................................................................................................................363 - 17 - Encyclopedia of Ancient Greek and Roman Mythology Venus (vee ́-nus) [Aphrodite].................................................................................................................364 Vertumnus (ver-tum ́-nus)......................................................................................................................365 Vesta [Hestia].........................................................................................................................................365 Vestalia (ves-ta ́-le-ah)...........................................................................................................................365 Victoria [Nike].......................................................................................................................................365 Vulcan [Hephæstus]...............................................................................................................................366 Winds.....................................................................................................................................................366 Xuthus (zoo-thus)...................................................................................................................................367 Zephyrus (zef ́-i-rus)..............................................................................................................................367 Zetes (zee ́-teez).....................................................................................................................................367 Zethus (zee ́-thus)...................................................................................................................................368 Zeus (zuce) [Jupiter]..............................................................................................................................368 LICENSE.........................................................................................................................................................380