World Health Organization : Technical Report Series, No. 344: Immunotherapy of Cancer

By P. Alexander

Book Id: WPLBN0000116442
Format Type: PDF eBook
File Size: 1.8 MB
Reproduction Date: 2005

Title:	World Health Organization : Technical Report Series, No. 344: Immunotherapy of Cancer
Author:	P. Alexander
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Health., Public health, Wellness programs
Collections:	Medical Library Collection, World Health Collection
Historic Publication Date:
Publisher:	World Health Organization


Citation APA MLA Chicago Alexander, P. (n.d.). World Health Organization : Technical Report Series, No. 344. Retrieved from http://self.gutenberg.org/

Description
Medical Reference Publication

Excerpt
I. INTRODUCTION This report is concerned with the role of inlmunological factors in resistance to cancer and with the possibility of preventing or treating cancer by ilnmunological methods. Every attempt has been made to keep in mind the relation of the data presented to human cancer and, for this reason, the discussion of animal experiments has been restricted whenever possible to work with autochthonous or syngeneic tumonrs, since these are the most appropriate experimental models for cancer in man. In each area of discussion, the available data concerning human cancer are discussed together with the data from animals; so that differences and similarities can be evaluated and so that the deficiencies and the special problems of human cancer investigation w7ill be evident. The Group has been very conscious of the need to keep constantly in mind the possibility of applying immunological methods to the treatment or prevention of human cancer. In the last analysis the effectiveness of any particular form of immunological therapy in the treatment of human cancer can be assessed only by clinical trial, but individual members of the Group differed as to when and what clinical studies should be initiated. There was, however, agseement that when a particular procedure has been shown to be effective against animal tunlourst and its safety has been established in so far as this can be done by tests in animals, that procedure should be tried clinically as soon as possible.

Table of Contents
CONTENTS 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 2 . Antigenicity of experimental animal tumours 6 3 . Antigenicity of human tumours . . . . . . . . . . .8 4 . Biology of the inlmune response . . . . . . . . . . .10 5 . Immunological mechanisms in the rejection of animal antigenic tumours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 5.1 Humoral immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 5.2 CelluIar immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 5.3 Mecharisms of escape . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 5.4 Serological enhancement of tumour growth . . .19 6 . Immune respoilse to human tumonrs .21 7 . Immune status of tumour-bearing animals and man 22 8. Immunotherapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 8.1 Non-specitic stimulation . . . . . . . . . . . .24 8.1.1 General stin~ulation of defence mechanisms in animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 8.1.2 General stinlulation of defence nlechanisms in humans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 8.2 Active immunization . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 8.2.1 Animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 8.2.2 Humans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 8.3 Serum transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 8.3.1 Animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 8.3.2 Passive imnlunotherapy of human cancer .32 8.4 Cell transfer of immunity . . . . . . . . . . .33 8.4.1 Cell transfer in animals . . . . . . . . .33 8.4.2 Cell transfer in humans . . . . . . . . .35 9 . Spontaneous tuinours of aninlals . . . . . . . . . .37 10. Conclusion . . . . . . . . . .37