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...Definition. Suppose that two words contain respectively m and n letters, where n is greater than or equal to m. Suppose that they have exactly p letters in common counted with the possible repetitions. Then the correlation between the two words is equal to p/m. For instance, the corr...

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...onants like ―m‖ or ―n.‖ Lowering the larynx improved the quality of our vowels and made speech easier to understand. 4 Our windpipe opening, ho... ...ymbols to the phonetic alphabet‘s sound symbols so great? The twenty-six letters of our alphabet are without doubt much easier to master than hundr... ...onic structure,  Break it down into its basic sounds, and then  Match letters with the phonic elements to spell it. Forming spoken words from ... ...however, Egyptologists said they traced each of our alphabet‘s twenty-six letters back to Egyptian hieroglyphic symbols—often even to the same sound... ...ce, Sicily, Italy, North Africa, southern Spain, and the British Isles. Vowel signs were missing The Phoenician‘s twenty-two signs caused ambiguit... ...Phoenician‘s twenty-two signs caused ambiguities, so the Greeks converted vowel-related signs from Hebrew and other Semitic systems to create the vow... ...ween the written and the spoken language. The Greek alphabet‘s twenty-six letters 7 seem minuscule when compared to the thousand basic Chinese cha... ...quickly to a section with entries beginning with any one of the twenty-six letters from A to Z. Once we know our ABCs, this is a simple, easily maste...

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... Ph.D., M.P., and F.R.G.S. (such titles to be set without space between the letters). But do not capitalize such phrases when spelled out : doctor ... ... and state in the date line, and the salutatory phrase at the beginning, of letters, and the signature and residence at the end of letters - or ar... ... 54. Address lines in speeches, reports, etc., and primary address lines in letters: Mr. Presidmt, Ladies and Gentlemen : Mr. John Smith, 321 Dearb... ...e, etc., to denote fractional part : Luke 4 : 31a (with a hair-space). 57. Letters used to designate unknown quantities, lines, etc., in algebraic,... ...laws. 187. The prehes " co-," "pre-," and "re-," when followed by the same vowel as that in which they terminate, Manual of Style: Punctuation 65 ... ... take a hyphen; but, as a rule, they do not when fol- lowed by a different vowel, or by a consonant: co-operation, pre-empted, re-enter; but: coequ... ...er); pro-gtm y, not: #rog-en y; pre-judice, not: pe-dice. 207. Divide on a vowel wherever practicable. In case a vowel alone forms a syllable in th... ...criticism. Exceptions are words in -able and -ible, which should carry the vowel over into the next line: read-abk, not: reada-ble; convert-ible, n... ...: pov-erty-stricken, much less: pover-ty-stricken. 209. A coalition of two vowel-sounds into one (i. e., a diphthong) should be treated as one lett...

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... Peda. Quis quis, thou Consonant? 1791 Pag. The last of the fiue Vowels if You repeat them, 1792 or the fift if I. 1793 Peda. I ... ...his letter. 1927 Qu. Any thing like? 1928 Ros. Much in the letters, nothing in the praise. 1929 Qu. Beauteous as Incke: a good... ...fies it selfe, and turnes to grace. 2735 Qu. We haue receiu’d your Letters, full of Loue: 2736 Your Fauours, the Ambassadors of Loue. 273... ...ues 2742 In their owne fashion, like a merriment. 2743 Du. Our letters Madam, shew’d much more then iest. 2744 Lon. So did our loo...

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...w. About to appear for the first time in my own name in this department of letters, it occurred to me that something in the shape of a periodical publ... ...nd others, I fear, went to the devil; a few found resources in science and letters; one or two turned philosophers in a small way, peeped into micro- ... ... argument as gained if secured by a quotation. Then the flourished capital letters, which ornamented the com- mencement of each paragraph, and the nam... ...steadiest of drivers, against hazard of limb, and wafts us, as well as our letters, from Edinburgh to Cape Wrath in the penning of a paragraph. When m... ...as called Littlecroft; we have dubbed it Little Croftangry, and the men of letters belonging to the Post Office have sanctioned the change, and delive... ...tch patois, as the accent of St. James’s is from that of Billingsgate. The vowels were not pronounced much broader than in the Italian language, and t...

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... were in the language; and secondly, to express these sounds by the fewest characters. The characters used are the Roman; and the sound given to the vowels are those of the languages of Southern continental Europe rather than those of the English. The materials for the following grammar have been taken almost entirely from native manuscripts or from documents printed fro...

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...ir language. Grammatical Treatises are usually divided into several parts, viz. Orthography, Etymology, Syntax and Prosody. Orthography treats of letters and their formation into words. Etymology treats of words and their changes in relation to each other. Syntax teaches the rules whereby words are formed into sentences. Prosody will hardly be included in this Gramm...

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...Grammar Definition Sec. -- 1 —3 -- Part 1 Orthography -- 4 -- Hawaiian Alphabet -- 6 -- Division of Letters -- 8 —10 -- Of the Vowel Sounds -- 11 -- Of the Consonant Sounds -- 13 -- Of the Sounds of Foreign Consonants -- 14 Of Diphthongs -- 15—18 -- Of Syllables -- 19—23 -- Of Words -- 24—26 -- Formation of Words -- 27—36 -...

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...12 Hawai‘i Host Committee -- 13 Resource List -- WELCOME LETTERS FROM HAWAI‘I’S LEADERS -- 14 Governor Neil Abercrombie -- 15 Mayor Peter Carlisle -- 16 U.S. Senator Daniel K. Inouye -- 17 Host Committee Chairman Peter Ho -- 20 Ideal Laboratory for Clean Power -- 24 Electric Vehicl...

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... 12 Donors to APEC 2011 Hawai‘i Host Committee 13 Resource List WELCOME LETTERS FROM HAWAI‘I’S LEADERS 14 Governor Neil Abercrombie 15 Mayor Pe... .... “The kahakō is a macron, which lengthens and adds stress to the marked vowel. For example the Hawaiian word pau, depending on placement of ‘okin...

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...ants like ―m‖ or ―n.‖ Lowering the larynx improved the quality of our vowels and made speech easier to understand. 4 Our windpipe opening, ... ...bols to the phonetic alphabet‘s sound symbols so great? The twenty-six letters of our alphabet are without doubt much easier to master than hundr... ...onic structure,  Break it down into its basic sounds, and then  Match letters with the phonic elements to spell it. Forming spoken words from ... ...however, Egyptologists said they traced each of our alphabet‘s twenty-six letters back to Egyptian hieroglyphic symbols—often even to the same sound... ...ce, Sicily, Italy, North Africa, southern Spain, and the British Isles. Vowel signs were missing The Phoenician‘s twenty-two signs caused ambigu... ...Phoenician‘s twenty-two signs caused ambiguities, so the Greeks converted vowel-related signs from Hebrew and other Semitic systems to create the vow... ...een the written and the spoken language. The Greek alphabet‘s twenty-six letters 7 seem minuscule when compared to the thousand basic Chinese cha... ...quickly to a section with entries beginning with any one of the twenty-six letters from A to Z. Once we know our ABCs, this is a simple, easily maste...

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...onant? Love’ s Labours Lost Act V, Scene i 51 MOTH: The third of the five vowels, if you repeat them; or the fifth, if I. HOLOFERNES: I will repea... ... my picture in his letter! PRINCESS: Any thing like? ROSALINE: Much in the letters; nothing in the praise. PRINCESS: Beauteous as ink; a good concl... ...n, Thus purifies itself and turns to grace. PRINCESS: We have received your letters full of love; Your favors, the ambassadors of love; And, in our m... ...herefore met your loves In their own fashion, like a merriment. DUMAIN: Our letters, madam, show’d much more than jest. LONGAVILLE: So did our looks...

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...nd was changing. She had become religious; so much I knew from my sister’s letters. And, in fact, this change had been due to her inter- course with m... ...municable, such as might differentiate the words: whereas a system of mere vowels too inadequately strengthened by consonants, seemed to leave all wor... ...rough its agent and creature the post-office, by monstrous over-charges on letters, had thus created in my behalf a right of retalia- tion. And dreadf... ...ihood. But still I contend that it is for the interest of science and good letters that a considerable body of volunteers should gather about their ba... ...us char- acter; it is not fair to calculate how much is lost to the man of letters by such addiction to fox-hunting; but, on the con- trary, what is g... ...nter, who would, at any rate, be such, by so considerable a homage paid to letters, and so inevitable a commerce with men of learning. Any- thing what...

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...Shorthand” is that it can express every sound in the language per- fectly, vowels as well as consonants, and that your hand has to make no stroke exce... ... a sound! [He writes; then holds out the book and reads, repro- ducing her vowels exactly] Ah—ah—ah—ow—ow—ow—oo! THE FLOWER GIRL [tickled by the perfo... ...in. I rather fancied my- self because I can pronounce twenty-four distinct vowel sounds; but your hundred and thirty beat me. I can’t hear a bit of di... ...tic job. MRS. HIGGINS. No use, dear. I’m sorry; but I can’t get round your vowels; and though I like to get pretty postcards in your patent shorthand,... ...iza. HIGGINS. As if I ever stop thinking about the girl and her confounded vowels and consonants. I’m worn out, thinking about her, and watching her l... ...ht. She’ll think we were drunk. PICKERING. We are, slightly. Are there any letters? HIGGINS. I didn’t look. [Pickering takes the overcoats and hats an...

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... mistaking one letter for another similar one. (97) The Hebrews divide the letters of the alphabet into five classes, according to the five organs of ... ...re two oth- ers, one very important. (106) Firstly, there are in Hebrew no vowels; secondly, the sentences are not separated by any marks elucidating ... ...aff,” substituting mate for mita, from which it only differs in respect of vowels. (114) Now as in this narrative it is Jacob’s age only that is in qu... ...e head of his bed, especially as for the former reading no substitution of letters is required. (115) In this example I have desired not only to recon... ...n the twenty-eight hiatus which oc- cur, nay, even in the very form of the letters. (77) Whether they are actuated by folly and anile devotion, or whe... ...ced that they often arise from the great similarity, of some of the Hebrew letters, such for in- stance, as the similarity between Kaph and Beth, Jod ... ...plain.” (85) So also many various readings have arisen from the use of the letters named mutes, which are generally not sounded in pronunciation, and ... ...r, but that the ancients only distinguished the two genders by a change of vowels. (115) I may also remark that the irregular tenses of certain verbs ...

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...ok: but, I pray, can you read any thing you see? ROMEO: Ay, if I know the letters and the language. Servant: Ye say honestly: rest you merry! ROMEO... ...in dismal hell. Hath Romeo slain himself? say thou but ‘I,’ And that bare vowel ‘I’ shall poison more Than the death darting eye of cockatrice: I am ... ...apulets lie. In the mean time, against thou shalt awake, Shall Romeo by my letters know our drift, And hither shall he come: and he and I Will watch ... ...osperous In this resolve: I’ll send a friar with speed To Mantua, with my letters to thy lord. JULIET: Love give me strength! and strength shall he... ...IV , scene v News from Verona!—How now, Balthasar! Dost thou not bring me letters from the friar? How doth my lady? Is my father well? How fares my ... ... thou art deceived: Leave me, and do the thing I bid thee do. Hast thou no letters to me from the friar? BALTHASAR: No, my good lord. ROMEO: ...

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... to extend no deeper than the mere voice and gestures. Were it not for his Letters, which are full of warm exuberant power, we might almost doubt whet... ...fort on July 20. August was spent delightfully with Lili at Offenbach; his letters speak of noth- ing but her. He wrote some scenes in Faust—the walk ... ...blished in 1877. It extends almost to the day of his death, and in- cludes letters from Eckermann giving an account of his last moments. The last twel... ...ond shutter to let in more light. After this he traced with his forefinger letters in the air. At half-past eleven in the day he drew him- self, witho... ...y saw in my mind’s eye the name of my piece posted 115 Goethe up in large letters on the corners of the streets and squares. Light-minded as my frien... ...signs, of points and strokes of all sorts, which were in fact to represent vowels. At this I wondered the more, as there were manifestly vowels in the...

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...art Ansell” were repeated again and again along the High Street—curly gold letters that seemed to float in tanks of glazed chocolate. “Rather!” said R... ...rubby. Why don’t you stop? Gerald, get the large wicker-chair. Herbert has letters, but we can sit here till lunch. It’s like spring.” The garden of S... ...cook, her face streaming with tears. Agnes nodded. Presumably it was true. Letters had just arrived: one was for Gerald from his mother. Life, which h... ...it from your letter.” “The one you never answered?” “I answer none of your letters. You are quite hope- less by now. You can go to the bad. But I refu... ...hands stretched out against an everlasting wind. Whv should she write? Her letters were not for the likes of him, nor to be read in rooms like his. “W... ...ve reason, not because they are irritated with the way the parson says his vowels.” Agnes intervened. “Well, I side with Aunt Emily. I believe in ritu...

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...EM Forster Howards End by E. M. Forster ONE MAY AS WELL BEGIN with Helen’s letters to her sis- ter. “Howards... ...- den, surely.” “Who knows!” “But, Margaret, dear—” “I’ll go for her other letters,” said Margaret. “No, I won’t, I’ll finish my breakfast. In fact, I... ...tangle that was almost a town. The station, like the scenery, like Helen’s letters, struck an indeterminate note. Into which country will it lead, Eng... ...d, and did not pretend to the contrary. She was sitting up in bed, writing letters on an invalid table that spanned her knees. A breakfast tray was on... ...se to his feet and looked out of the window, for Evie had come in with the letters, and he could meet no one’s eye. Ah yes—she had been a good woman—s... ..., Miss,’ and there we were. “Lan?” “Lan or Len. We were not nice about our vowels. Lanoline. “ “But what an extraordinary—” “I said, ‘My good Mrs. Lan...

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...ear in these brief verses! They showed themselves then in five times seven vowels and consonants; and I noted the parts as they seemed spo- ken to me.... ...dness of Saturn. 8 The sparkles of the love which was there. 9 The first letters of Diligite, as shortly appears. 10 An appellation appropriate to ... ...at which teaches the bird to build its nest, directed the shaping of these letters. 13 Ingigliare, a word invented by Dante, and used only by him. Th... ...erstand how little worth he is, the writing for him shall be in contracted letters which shall note much in small space. And to every one shall be app...

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... of Paganism, there arose two consequences, which I will mark by the Greek letters [Greek text] and [Greek text]. The latter I will notice in its orde... ...in, whilst amiably engaged in hunting Servetus to death, and writing daily letters to his friends, in which he expresses his hope that the executive p... ...the dreadful skirmish. Person even, the all-accomplished Gre- cian, in his letters to Archdeacon T ravis, took a conspicuous part in the controversy; ... ...are that F is V , and that, in many languages, B and V are interchangeable letters through thousands of words, as the Italian tavola, from the Latin t... ...ily, connections; yet, in the course of a few pages, does Cicero, a man of letters, pol- ished to the extreme standard of Rome, address him by the ele... ...elves virtu- ally new. The same Hebrew words are read by different sets of vowel points, and the same hieroglyphics are deciphered by keys everlasting...

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...hip of Pierre Amy and of the celebrated Guillaume Bude. In fact, the Greek letters of the latter are the best source of information concerning this pe... ...illezais, to whom in 1535 and 1536 he ad- dressed from Rome the three news letters, which alone have been preserved; and in 1534 he dedicated from Lyo... ...le and quite simple, but cannot with certainty be attrib- uted to him. His letters are bombastic and thin; his few at- tempts at verse are heavy, lumb... ... no gift of poetic form, as indeed is evident even from his prose. And his letters from Rome to the Bishop of Maillezais, interesting as they are in r... ... on the top with the mark of a goblet, about which was written in Etrurian letters Hic Bibitur, they found nine flagons set in such order as they use ... ...h may result from the combinations of all the consonants, with each of the vowels heretofore projected, reckoned, and calculated by the noble Xenocrat...

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... much speech. Know them in sum, that all of them were clerks, And men of letters great and of great fame, In the world tainted with the selfsame s... ...sight; And with the fingers of the right hand spread I found but six the letters, that had carved Upon my temples he who bore the keys; Upon behol... ...n these brief verses! Themselves then they displayed in five times seven Vowels and consonants; and I observed The parts as they seemed spoken unt... ...life; And to declare how pitiful he is Shall be his record in contracted letters Which shall make note of much in little space. And shall appear t...

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...me accident the re porters failed to perceive this. Day before yesterday, letters and telegrams began to arrive from friends and strangers which indi... ... by half past seven, and off to the station for her mail. She examined the letters and I distributed them: some to her, some to Mr. Paine, the others ... ...e housekeeper, and let Katy assist. Also, she would continue to answer the letters of personal friends for me. Such was the compromise. Both of us cal... ...ndence out of the waste basket and answered the let ters. She thought all letters deserved the courtesy of an answer. Her mother brought her up in th... ...e represents a burning martyr. He is in back of the smoke. The first three letters of Mary’s name and the first three of the word martyr are the same.... ...d) character. I mean simply the alphabet; sim ply the consonants and the vowels—I don’t mean any re ductions or abbreviations of them, such as the... ... penman, the saving in labor is insignifi cant. T o write that word (with vowels) with the phonographic alphabet, the pen has to make only seventeen... ...graphic alphabet, the pen has to make only seventeen strokes. Without the vowels, only thirteen strokes [ Image not avail able—ed.]. The vowels are...

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...like that of smart London society in its tendency to replace diphthongs by vowels (sometimes rather prettily) and to shuffle all the traditional vowel... ...for o, i for a, a for u, and e for a, with this reservation, that when any vowel is fol- lowed by an r he signifies its presence, not by pronouncing t... ... never does under these circumstances, but by prolonging and modifyinq the vowel, sometimes even to the extreme degree of pronouncing it properly. As ... ...is jacket a leather case, from which he extracts a scrappy packet of dirty letters and newspaper cuttings. These he throws on the table. 71 Captain B... ...fe gone: your doing, remember. What have I left? See here! (He take up the letters) the letters my uncle wrote to my mother, with her comments on thei... ...n their cold drawn insolence, their treachery and cruelty. And the piteous letters she wrote to him later on, returned unopened. Must they go too? LAD... ...y go too? LADY CICELY (uneasily). I can’t ask you to destroy your mother’s letters. BRASSBOUND. Why not, now that you have taken the meaning out of th... ...it. T o Felix Drinkwater also I owe some apology for implying that all his vowel pronunciations are unfashionable. They are very far from being so. As... ...mber that Drinkwater’s rs are abso- lutely unpronounced when they follow a vowel, though they 82 George Bernard Shaw modify the vowel very considerab...

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... back to the window. The large table is littered with pamphlets, journals, letters, nests of draw- ers, an office diary, postage scales and the like. ... ...h from each corner, a finicking arthulation, and a set of horribly corrupt vowels, notably ow for o, this being his chief means of bringing Oxford ref... ...f offering him ten. (Candida laughs heartily. Morell comes back with a few letters and newspapers which have come by the midday post.) CANDIDA. Oh, Ja... ..., dear! 20 George Bernard Shaw MORELL (at the table, glancing through the letters). Never mind her, Marchbanks. The overpaying instinct is a gener- o... ...indeed. Thank you very much. But—but— MORELL (breezily, finishing with the letters and coming close to him). But—but—but—but—bosh! If you’ d like to s... ...view. Miss Garnett, carrying the notebook in which she takes down Morell’s letters in shorthand from his dictation, sits down at the typewriter and se...

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...id the affairs of the great world interest her, when com- municated in the letters of high-born relations: the way in which fascinating younger sons h... ...lk must be belles-lettres. That is wi-ide.” Naumann’s pronunciation of the vowel seemed to stretch the word satirically. Will did not half like it, bu... ... exasperating in marriage than in philosophy. Dorothea left Ladislaw’s two letters unread on her husband’s writing-table and went to her own place, th... ...ace, the scorn and indig- nation within her rejecting the reading of these letters, just as we hurl away any trash towards which we seem to have been ... ...ch had been given to her the day before, she felt that she was forming her letters beautifully, and it seemed to her that she saw the construction of ... ...bon might now at any moment wish to enter. On his writing-table there were letters which had lain untouched since the morning when he was taken ill, a... ...in a hand as gentlemanly as that of any viscount or bishop of the day: the vowels were all alike and the consonants only distinguishable as turning up...

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...le, in so far as it contains the Divine law, has always preserved the same vowel-points, the same letters, or the same words (I leave this to be prove... ...tains the Divine law, has always preserved the same vowel-points, the same letters, or the same words (I leave this to be proved by, the Massoretes an...

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...d him, a whole para- graph—aye! a whole article—in which that contemptible vowel should not once—not even once—make its appearance. But no; —that woul... ... (the “Gazette”) a leading article, of some extent, in which the beautiful vowel— the emblem of Eternity—yet so offensive to the hyper-exquis- ite del... ...e bears evident marks of having made a narrow escape from the flames. “The letters W . V . B. are also branded very distinctly on his forehead,” inter... ...n a Blackwood article nothing makes so fine a show as your Greek. The very letters have an air of profundity about them. Only observe, madam, the astu... ...tery, and meaning, and doubt, and uncertainty is there involved in thy two letters! I entered the ominous arch- way! I entered; and, without injury to... ...st of books read by the narrator. Griswold was not above forgery (in Poe’s letters) when it suited his purpose, but would have too little to gain by s... ... For example:—very early in the morning I had to make up my packet of sham letters. Upon the inside of each of these I had to scrawl a few lines on an...

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...m to skip from consonant to consonant, until, lighting upon a broad, open vowel, they rest upon that to restore the balance of sound. The women car... ...always sent for by the captain and officers to get provisions, or to carry letters and messages to different parts of the town. I was often sent to... ...rewell. Underneath were printed the initials of his own name, and two other letters, standing for some name which he knew better than I did. This wa... ...them by as mere ‘‘yarns,’’ till our arrival, when they were confirmed by the letters which we brought from the owners to their agent. The ship Cali- ... ...g, and spent the rest of the day in reading and writing. Several of us wrote letters to send home by the Lagoda. At twelve o’clock the Ayacucho dropp... ...nd we made sail, dropping slowly down with the tide and light wind. We left letters with Captain Bradshaw to take to Boston, and had the satisfacti...

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... did the affairs of the great world interest her, when communicated in the letters of high born relations: the way in which fascinating younger sons h... ...k must be belles lettres. That is wi ide.” Naumann’s pronunciation of the vowel seemed to stretch the word satirically. Will did not half like it, bu... ...e way of business he did well. He contemplated the large well proportioned letters and final flourish, with his head a trifle on one side for an instant,... ... exasperating in marriage than in philosophy. Dorothea left Ladislaw’s two letters unread on her husband’s writing table and went to her own place, th... ...place, the scorn and indignation within her rejecting the reading of these letters, just as we hurl away any trash towards which we seem to have been ... ...he least divine the subtle sources of her husband’s bad temper about these letters: she only knew that they had caused him to offend her. She began to...

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...nown to the Muhammadans themselves even in the first century. Possibly the letters Ha, Mim, which are prefixed to numer- ous successive Suras were pri... ...are prefixed to numer- ous successive Suras were private marks, or initial letters, at- tached by their proprietor to the copies furnished to Said whe... ...en effecting his recension of the text under Othman. In the same way , the letters prefixed to other Suras may be mono- grams, or abbreviations, or in... ...s prefixed to other Suras may be mono- grams, or abbreviations, or initial letters of the names of the persons to whom the copies of the respective Su... ...i. 396 ff.) in the sixth year before the Hejira. 2 Freytag supposes these letters to mean, Hush! but see Sura lxviii. 1, p. 32. 3 Lit. if thou raise... ... the inspiration of their prophet. But it should be borne in mind that the vowel points of the consonants of the Arabic word for defeated in verse 1, ... ...omp. Matth. xix. 24; Mark x. 25; Luke xviii. 25. By the change of a single vowel in the Arabic word for camel, we obtain the rendering, cable. In the ...

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...resent traces of Finnish influence. The musical element of a language, the vowels, are well developed in Finnish, and their due sequence is subject to... ...tance, and prefers alliteration. Their alphabet con sists of but nineteen letters, and of these, b, c, d, f, g, are found only in a few foreign words...